ABSTRACT The management of non-native tree species in European forests has a long history, but the information on the current number and geographic distribution of these species in European forests is incomplete and scattered across various datasets. This study aims to perform an inventory of the most frequent non-native tree species growing in European forests and analyse their current extent, geographic distribution and geographic origin. Our results show that at least 150 non-native tree species are currently growing in European forests and provenance trials. The genera represented by largest number of species are Eucalyptus, Pinus, Acacia and Abies. Species growing at the largest areas are Robinia pseudoacacia (2.44 million ha), Eucalyptus globulus (1.46 million ha), Picea sitchensis (1.16 million ha) and Pseudotsuga menziesii (0.83 million ha). In total, non-native tree species in Europe are found in an area of approximately 8.54 million ha, or 4.0% of the European forest area, and the five most abundant species account for up to 77% of this area. The largest number of these 150 species were introduced from North America (71), followed by Asia (45) and Australia (20). North American species occupy by far the largest area.

中文翻译：

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欧洲非本土森林树种的范围、分布和起源

摘要 欧洲森林中非本地树种的管理有着悠久的历史，但关于这些物种在欧洲森林中的当前数量和地理分布的信息是不完整的，并且分散在各种数据集中。本研究旨在对欧洲森林中最常见的非本地树种进行清查，并分析它们的当前范围、地理分布和地理起源。我们的结果表明，目前至少有 150 种非本地树种在欧洲森林和种源试验中生长。物种数量最多的属是桉属、松属、金合欢属和冷杉属。生长面积最大的物种是刺槐（244 万公顷）、蓝桉（146 万公顷）、云杉（116 万公顷）和孟氏假松（0. 8300 万公顷）。总体而言，欧洲非本土树种的面积约为 854 万公顷，占欧洲森林面积的 4.0%，其中最丰富的 5 种树种占该面积的 77%。这 150 个物种中数量最多的是从北美引进的（71 个），其次是亚洲（45 个）和澳大利亚（20 个）。迄今为止，北美物种占据的面积最大。