Recent studies about mutualism consider the complexity and versatility of the relationship, in addition to highlighting the importance of the cost/benefit balance between the two protagonists. Because species interactions are highly dependent on the environment, the climate changes foreseen for the coming years are expected to have significant impacts on the evolution of mutualistic interactions. Among mutualisms, the aphid–ant interaction is well documented, partly explained by the pest status of aphids. This literature review focuses on the impact of climate change (particularly atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration and temperature) on aphid biology and the potential consequences with respect to their mutualistic interactions with ants. We provide an overview of the published reports concerned with the effects of temperature and carbon dioxide on aphids, for which a positive, a negative or no effect has been highlighted. We then discuss how climatic changes can alter four major components of aphid biology that are shaping their interaction with ants: (i) aphid population growth; (ii) aphid behaviour and mobility; (iii) honeydew production and composition; and (iv) semiochemistry. Finaly, we discuss the limitations of such studies on aphid–ant mutualism, as well as the information that is still needed to predict how climate change might impact this type of relationship.

中文翻译：

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今天和明天：气候变化对蚜虫生物学的影响及其与蚂蚁共生的潜在后果

最近关于互惠主义的研究考虑了这种关系的复杂性和多功能性，此外还强调了两个主角之间成本/收益平衡的重要性。由于物种相互作用高度依赖于环境，预计未来几年的气候变化将对互惠相互作用的演变产生重大影响。在互利共生中，蚜虫-蚂蚁的相互作用有据可查，部分原因是蚜虫的害虫状况。这篇文献综述侧重于气候变化（特别是大气二氧化碳浓度和温度）对蚜虫生物学的影响以及它们与蚂蚁互惠互利的潜在后果。我们提供了有关温度和二氧化碳对蚜虫影响的已发表报告的概述，其中强调了积极、消极或没有影响。然后我们讨论气候变化如何改变蚜虫生物学的四个主要组成部分，这些组成部分正在塑造它们与蚂蚁的相互作用：（i）蚜虫种群增长；(ii) 蚜虫行为和活动性；(iii) 蜜露的生产和成分；(iv) 符号化学。最后，我们讨论了此类研究对蚜虫共生的局限性，以及预测气候变化如何影响此类关系仍需要的信息。(i) 蚜虫种群增长；(ii) 蚜虫行为和活动性；(iii) 蜜露的生产和成分；(iv) 符号化学。最后，我们讨论了此类研究对蚜虫共生的局限性，以及预测气候变化如何影响此类关系仍需要的信息。(i) 蚜虫种群增长；(ii) 蚜虫行为和活动性；(iii) 蜜露的生产和成分；(iv) 符号化学。最后，我们讨论了此类研究对蚜虫共生的局限性，以及预测气候变化如何影响此类关系仍需要的信息。