To make conservation aquaculture successful, a paradigm shift is needed in what is considered good hatchery management as defined by production aquaculture as well as in the metrics that are used to evaluate hatchery success. In production aquaculture, managers strive to maintain exceptional environmental conditions to maximize yield, the number of fish produced, and survival. However, this type of aquaculture management could decrease the likelihood of success of imperiled species recovery programs due to domestication and epigenetics. Consequently, good management practices in conservation aquaculture should produce conditions that resemble the environment where the fish will be stocked in order to minimize domestication and epigenetic problems that will lower the fitness of wild stocks following augmentation. Changes in what are considered good culture conditions require a new set of hatchery evaluation metrics. The key metric that needs to be altered is the survival rate. Survival is the keystone metric because it determines other metrics such as the number produced, yield, and profits. High survival rates influence domestication, which adversely affects post‐augmentation survival and the fitness of the wild stock. Consequently, lower hatchery survival rates produced by selective pressures in conservation aquaculture are needed to improve success in imperiled species recovery programs. We propose that survival be 10–25% to improve success. Our proposed evaluation metrics for conservation aquaculture are to produce “wild” fish and not lower the fitness of the wild population. We recognize that these recommendations are controversial, but a major goal of this paper is to start a discussion about the most appropriate way to evaluate this type of aquaculture so that recovery efforts for imperiled species can be improved.

中文翻译：

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良好的鱼类养殖管理是否损害了水产养殖辅助渔业的恢复努力？

为了使保护性水产养殖成功，需要在生产水产养殖定义的良好孵化场管理以及用于评估孵化场成功的指标上进行范式转换。在生产型水产养殖中，管理人员努力保持卓越的环境条件，以最大程度地提高产量，鱼类产量和生存率。然而，由于驯化和表观遗传学，这种类型的水产养殖管理可能会降低成功进行濒危物种恢复计划的可能性。因此，保护​​性水产养殖的良好管理规范应创造类似于鱼类放养环境的条件，以最大程度地减少驯化和表观遗传问题，从而降低养殖后野生种群的适应性。认为良好养殖条件的变化需要一套新的孵化场评估指标。需要更改的关键指标是生存率。生存率是关键指标，因为它可以确定其他指标，例如生产的数量，产量和利润。高存活率会影响驯养，这会对繁殖后的存活率和野生种群的适应性产生不利影响。因此，需要有选择性的压力保护性水产养殖产生较低的孵化场成活率，以提高濒危物种恢复计划的成功率。我们建议将生存率提高10-25％，以提高成功率。我们提出的保护性水产养殖评估指标是生产“野生”鱼类，而不是降低野生种群的适应性。我们认识到这些建议存在争议，