Advanced‐sized Largemouth Bass Micropterus salmoides to be used for stocking and experimentation can be efficiently reared on prepared feed in intensive culture conditions, but formulated diets containing high levels (≥20%) of dietary carbohydrates may lead to high liver and muscle lipid and high liver glycogen levels, which may affect survival and stress responses. Largemouth Bass were raised to a size of 240–344 mm TL on formulated diets and then were fed live forage (i.e., naturalization); the effects of naturalization on liver, blood, and muscle health indices and physiological stress measures were evaluated, and indices were compared with those of wild Largemouth Bass from three different reservoirs. Hepatosomatic index (HSI) decreased by week 1 of naturalization; liver glycogen decreased by week 2; liver lightness, yellowness, and steatosis decreased by week 4; and liver moisture and lipid concentration stabilized after 4 weeks. Plasma cortisol was higher by week 1 of naturalization than by week 6 and onward, and plasma pH decreased after 1 week. Muscle color showed changes by week 1 of naturalization, muscle collagen stabilized by week 4, and muscle lipids decreased more gradually compared to the liver. The magnitude of stress response in fish subjected to a 60‐s chasing stressor was unaffected by naturalization. Among populations of wild fish, many liver, blood, and muscle metrics were similar, with the exception of liver yellowness, glycogen, and HSI; muscle redness, lipids, and moisture; and the viscerosomatic index. Therefore, after rearing on a high‐carbohydrate, high‐lipid diet (i.e., 20% carbohydrates; 16% lipids), 4–6 weeks of naturalization can improve liver health, with most liver parameters being similar to those found in populations of wild fish.

中文翻译：

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粒状大口黑鲈饲喂活草饲粮的生理变化和应激反应的变化

先进的大口黑鲈Micropterus salmoides可以在集约化养殖条件下有效地饲喂准备好的饲料来进行放养和实验，但是配方饮食中所含饮食碳水化合物的含量高（≥20％）可能会导致肝脏和肌肉中的脂质高以及肝脏糖原含量高，这可能会影响生存和压力反应。大嘴鲈在配制日粮中饲养至240–344 mm TL，然后饲喂活草料（即归化）；评估了归化对肝脏，血液和肌肉健康指数的影响以及生理压力措施，并与来自三个不同水库的野生大嘴鲈的指数进行了比较。归化的第1周，肝体指数（HSI）下降；肝糖原在第2周下降；到第4周，肝脏的亮度，黄度和脂肪变性降低；4周后肝脏水分和脂质浓度稳定。归化的第1周血浆皮质醇水平高于第6周及以后，并且1周后血浆pH下降。肌肉颜色在归化的第1周显示出变化，在第4周稳定了胶原蛋白，并且与肝脏相比，肌肉脂质的下降更为缓慢。受到60 s追逐应激源的鱼的应激反应强度不受归化影响。在野生鱼类种群中，除了肝黄，糖原和恒生指数外，许多肝脏，血液和肌肉指标相似。肌肉发红，脂质和水分；和内脏指数。因此，在饲喂高碳水化合物，高脂质饮食（即20％的碳水化合物； 16％的脂质）后，入睡4-6周可以改善肝脏健康，