ABSTRACT The frequency and strength of extreme events are increasing due to climate change. These events have the potential to cause mass mortalities and recruitment failure in very short time scales. Here, we explored three relevant basic questions using green abalone: how the lethal levels of environmental variables (i.e. temperature, oxygen, and pH) change trough time, what the short-term synergistic effects of stressors are, and what the metabolic responses and recovery capacity are at this timescale. We observed that very short-term events are less likely to cause mass mortalities than events lasting for several days, that the relative importance of hyperthermia, hypoxia, and combined effects change through time, and that the respiration rate increased under hyperthermia and decreased under hypoxia and the combined effects, while hemocyanin concentration increased under hypoxia and decreased under hyperthermia and combined effects. Independently of the stressor, green abalone re-established their respiratory rate after the stress.

中文翻译：

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面临极短期海洋环境极端事件的绿鲍鱼 (Haliotis fulgens) 的生存和呼吸

摘要 由于气候变化，极端事件的频率和强度正在增加。这些事件有可能在很短的时间内导致大规模死亡和招募失败。在这里，我们使用绿鲍探索了三个相关的基本问题：环境变量（即温度、氧气和 pH 值）的致死水平如何随时间变化，压力源的短期协同效应是什么，以及代谢反应和恢复是什么容量在这个时间范围内。我们观察到，与持续数天的事件相比，非常短期的事件导致大规模死亡的可能性更小，高温、缺氧和综合效应的相对重要性随时间而变化，并且呼吸率在高温下增加而在缺氧下减少以及综合效果，而血蓝蛋白浓度在缺氧状态下升高，在热疗和联合作用下降低。独立于压力源，绿鲍鱼在压力后重新建立了呼吸频率。