Commercial fisheries yield essential foods, sustain cultural practices, and provide widespread employment around the globe. Commercially harvested species face a myriad of anthropogenic threats including degraded habitats, changing climate, overharvest, and pollution. Microplastics are pollutants of increasing concern, which are pervasive in the environment and can harbor or adsorb pollutants from surrounding waters. Aquatic organisms, including commercial species, encounter and ingest microplastics, but there is a paucity of data about those caught and cultured in North America. Additional research is needed to determine prevalence, physiological effects, and population‐level implications of microplastics in commercial species from Canada, the United States, and Mexico. Investigations into possible human health effects of microplastic exposure from seafood are also greatly needed. This synthesis summarizes current knowledge, identifies data gaps, and provides future research directions for addressing microplastics effects in commercially valuable North American fishery species.

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商业化收获的北美有鳍鱼类和贝类中的微塑性发生及其影响：当前知识和未来方向

商业渔业生产必需的食物，维持文化习俗，并在全球范围内提供广泛的就业机会。商业捕捞物种面临着无数人为威胁，包括栖息地退化，气候变化，收割过度和污染。微塑料是日益受到关注的污染物，它们在环境中无处不在，并可能藏匿或吸收周围水域的污染物。水生生物（包括商业物种）会遇到并摄入微塑料，但有关北美捕捞和养殖的微生物的数据很少。为了确定来自加拿大，美国和墨西哥的商业物种中的微塑料的流行度，生理效应和种群水平的影响，还需要进行更多的研究。还非常需要调查海鲜中暴露于塑料中可能对人体健康的影响。该综述总结了当前的知识，确定了数据缺口，并为解决在商业上有价值的北美渔业物种中的微塑料效应提供了未来的研究方向。