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Does the Format of the Message Affect What Is Heard? A Two-Part Study on the Communication of Violence Risk Assessment Data
Journal of Forensic Psychology Practice Pub Date : 2018-11-29 , DOI: 10.1080/24732850.2018.1538474
Ashley B. Batastini 1 , Camden E. Hoeffner 2 , Michael J. Vitacco 3 , Robert D. Morgan 2 , Lauren C. Coaker 1 , Michael E. Lester 1
Affiliation  

There is currently limited understanding about how best to communicate the results of violence risk assessments to legal decision makers. To advance this literature, a two-part study was conducted assessing whether layperson perceptions of risk and dangerousness varied across common communication formats. Participants in both studies were exposed to a deidentified vignette about a defendant who was charged with a felony offense followed by expert testimony regarding that defendant’s level of risk for general violence. Study 1 (N = 103) compared perceptions across numerical, ordinal, and risk management (action-oriented) approaches using a sample of former criminal trial jurors. Results showed that, while exposure to numerical data was associated with the lowest ratings of risk, all participants overestimated risk of reoffending (ranging from about 40% to 62% compared to the expert’s estimate of 17% in 7 years and 31% in 10-years). Study 2 (N = 199) was an exploratory investigation of elaboration strategies to enhance application of numerical data in particular, using a sample consisting largely of undergraduates. Participants again overestimated risk regardless of condition, albeit to a slightly less extent than in Study 1. Based on these results, we make several recommendations to advance future research on risk communication, including using methodologies that approximate courtroom proceedings as closely as possible.



中文翻译:

消息的格式会影响听到的内容吗?暴力风险评估数据交流的两部分研究

目前,关于如何最好地将暴力风险评估结果传达给法律决策者的理解有限。为了推动该文献的发展,我们进行了一项分为两部分的研究,以评估外行人对风险和危险性的看法是否在常见的交流形式中有所不同。两项研究的参与者都被揭露了一个不明身份的小品,其中涉及被告犯有重罪罪名,随后提供了关于该被告人遭受一般暴力危险程度的专家证词。研究1(N = 103)使用以前的刑事审判陪审员的样本比较了数字,序数和风险管理(面向行动)方法的看法。结果显示,虽然暴露于数字数据与最低风险评级相关,但所有参与者都高估了再次犯罪的风险(范围从40%到62%,而专家估计的7年为17%,10-31%为31%)年份)。研究2(N = 199)是一项详细研究策略的探索性调查,旨在特别是利用大部分由本科生组成的样本来增强数值数据的应用。与条件1相比,参与者无论条件如何都再次高估了风险,基于这些结果,我们提出了一些建议,以推进未来的风险沟通研究,包括使用尽可能接近法庭诉讼程序的方法。

更新日期:2018-11-29
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