ABSTRACT An increasing number of findings suggest that cognition is grounded in sensorimotor experiences. Research suggests that fine motor skills (FMS) link to cognitive abilities. Existing studies, however, lack conceptual and methodological differentiation regarding FMS and little is known about the directional nature of links. In study 1, we measured three types of FMS, namely dexterity, grapho-motor skill, speed-dominated FMS in a sample of preschool children (n = 78) aged 4.42 years, and analyzed their links with nonverbal reasoning and general knowledge. Factor analyses verified the existence of these three distinct subsets of FMS. A unique link was found for dexterity and reasoning after controlling for age, attention and processing speed. In study 2, using a cross-lagged-panel design with two measurement points one year apart in preschool (n = 84), a cross-lagged link from four-year-old children’s dexterity to their reasoning skills at age five was demonstrated. Findings support the idea of FMS being involved in the development of cognitive abilities.

中文翻译：

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学龄前儿童精细运动技能与一般认知能力的关系

摘要 越来越多的研究结果表明认知基于感觉运动体验。研究表明精细运动技能 (FMS) 与认知能力有关。然而，现有研究缺乏关于 FMS 的概念和方法差异，并且对链接的方向性质知之甚少。在研究 1 中，我们在 4.42 岁的学龄前儿童（n = 78）样本中测量了三种类型的 FMS，即灵巧性、图形运动技能、速度主导型 FMS，并分析了它们与非语言推理和一般知识的联系。因子分析验证了 FMS 的这三个不同子集的存在。在控制了年龄、注意力和处理速度后，发现了灵巧性和推理的独特联系。在研究 2 中，在学龄前一年（n = 84）中，使用具有两个测量点的交叉滞后面板设计，展示了从四岁儿童的灵巧性到他们五岁时推理能力的交叉滞后联系。研究结果支持 FMS 参与认知能力发展的想法。