Energy-related occupant behaviour is crucial to design and operation of energy and control systems in buildings. Occupant behaviours are often oversimplified as static schedules or settings in building performance simulation ignoring their stochastic nature. The continuous and dynamic interaction between occupants and building systems motivates their simultaneous simulation in an efficient manner. In the past, simultaneous simulation has relied on co-simulation approaches or customized source code changes to building simulation programmes. This paper presents Buildings. Occupants, an open-source package implemented in Modelica, for the simulation of occupant behaviours of lighting, windows, blinds, heating and air conditioning systems in office and residential buildings. Examples were presented to illustrate how the models in the Occupants package are capable to simulate stochastic occupant behaviours. The major contribution of this work is to introduce the equation-based modelling approach to simulate occupant behaviours in buildings and to develop an open-source Occupants package in the Modelica language.

与能源有关的乘员行为对于建筑物中能源和控制系统的设计和运行至关重要。占用者的行为通常被简化为建筑性能模拟中的静态时间表或设置，而忽略了它们的随机性。居住者与建筑系统之间不断的动态互动促使他们以有效的方式同时进行模拟。过去，同步仿真依赖于协同仿真方法或定制的源代码更改来构建仿真程序。本文介绍建筑物。Occupants是在Modelica中实现的一个开源软件包，用于模拟办公和住宅建筑中照明，窗户，百叶窗，供暖和空调系统的人员行为。举例说明了“乘员”包中的模型如何能够模拟随机乘员行为。这项工作的主要贡献是引入了基于方程的建模方法，以模拟建筑物中的乘员行为，并以Modelica语言开发了开源的乘员包。