Reproductive structures, modes, and seasonal patterns of size–class abundances are examined in two benthic platyctene (Family Coeloplanidae) ctenophore species present in dissimilar shallow marine environments in subtropical southeast Florida. Coeloplana waltoni, a minute (1–3 mm body length) epizoic associate of octocorals, occurs in exposed environments often under turbulent conditions, and Vallicula multiformis (2–10 mm) commonly occurs epiphytically on macroalgae in protected, calm‐water environments. Reproductive activity in C. waltoni is most active during the warm‐water summer season (June–October); gonadal development in V. multiformis occurs year‐round, and is most pronounced during sea‐warming periods in late spring (May) and late summer to early autumn (August–October), with release of cydippid larvae. Both species are hermaphroditic brooders, exhibiting paedogenesis (early gonadal development) at body lengths approximately one‐third (Coeloplana) to one‐sixth (Vallicula) of maximum adult size. Juvenile individuals (<0.6 mm) increased in abundance in C. waltoni during the summer reproductive period, and large (≥1 mm) pink‐colored individuals comprised 50% or more of samples from July through September. Seasonal abundance of gravid individuals and the timing of cydippid larval release in V. multiformis did not correspond closely with juvenile or adult population densities. Asexual fragmentation occurred in both ctenophore species, but was observed more frequently in individuals of V. multiformis. This asexual mode of reproduction probably accounted in part for the discordance between ctenophore abundances and larval recruitment events by sexual means. Morphological structures and behaviors associated with reproduction are described in this study. Uncommon images of reproductive products (gametes, embryos, larvae), spawning events, brooding, and asexual fragmentation are included, some for the first time in the published literature.

中文翻译：

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佛罗里达州南部的底栖c科（Platyctenida）繁殖，募集和季节性

在亚热带东南佛罗里达不同浅海环境中存在的两种底栖白鳍c科（Celoplanidae））鱼物种中，研究了大小级丰度的生殖结构，模式和季节性模式。八角鱼的微小（1 – 3 mm体长）附生期腔壁浮游动物通常在动荡的条件下在裸露的环境中发生，而在保护性的平静水环境中，长形藻通常在附生体上发生。在温暖的夏季（6-10月），沃尔顿梭菌的生殖活动最为活跃。多形弧菌的性腺发育全年发生，在春季末期（5月）和夏季末至初秋（8月至10月）的海温期最为明显，并释放出cydippid幼虫。这两个物种都是雌雄同体的育雏者，其成虫（早期性腺发育）的体长约为成年最大体型的三分之一（Coeloplana）至六分之一（Vallicula）。夏季繁殖期，沃尔顿梭状芽孢杆菌中的个体（<0.6毫米）数量增加，从七月到九月，大型（≥1毫米）粉红色个体占样本的50％或更多。妊娠个体季节性丰度和多形弧菌释放胞浆幼虫的时间与青少年或成人的人口密度不紧密相关。无性分裂发生在两个c虫物种中，但在多形弧菌个体中观察到更多。这种无性繁殖方式可能部分解释了ten虫的丰度与通过性手段引起的幼体募集事件之间的不一致。这项研究描述了与繁殖相关的形态结构和行为。包括生殖产品（配子，胚胎，幼虫），产卵事件，育雏和无性分裂的罕见图像，其中一些是已出版文献中的第一次。