With more than 40,000 species, Malacostraca is the most diverse crustacean class. Most malacostracans are gonochoristic, but simultaneous hermaphrodites are also known. Tanaidacea is one of two malacostracan orders that includes simultaneously hermaphroditic species; so far, simultaneous hermaphroditism has been confirmed externally and internally in only two tanaidacean species, both in the genus Apseudes (Apseudidae). Here we show, through external and internal morphological observations of fixed specimens, that the apseudid Falsapseudes bowmani is a simultaneous hermaphrodite, making Falsapseudes the second tanaidacean genus in which simultaneous hermaphroditism has been confirmed both externally and internally. In this species, the epistome (a projection on the clypeus) was thick and elongate in large specimens but was thin and spiniform in smaller specimens; the brooding of eggs or embryos was observed only in thin‐epistome individuals, although a pair of ovaries was confirmed in both thick‐ and thin‐epistome individuals. This suggests that individuals with a thick epistome may act as males while also retaining the female reproductive organs.

中文翻译：

---

tanaidacean Falsapseudes bowmani (甲壳纲: Malacostraca: Peracarida) 的性系统

Malacostraca 拥有超过 40,000 个物种，是最多样化的甲壳类动物。大多数malacostracans 是gonochoristic，但同时雌雄同体也是已知的。Tanaidacea 是同时包括雌雄同体物种的两个马拉科斯特拉科目之一；到目前为止，仅在两个 tanaidacean 物种中证实了同时雌雄同体，两者都属于 Apseudes（Apseudidae）。在这里，我们通过对固定标本的外部和内部形态学观察表明，apseudid Falsapseudes bowmani 是同时雌雄同体，使 Falsapseudes 成为第二个 tanaidaces 属，其中外部和内部同时证实了雌雄同体。在这个物种中，在大型标本中，树突（唇部的突起）厚而细长，但在较小的标本中较薄且呈刺状；仅在薄尾柄个体中观察到卵或胚胎的孵化，尽管在厚尾柄和薄尾柄个体中都证实了一对卵巢。这表明具有厚厚皮的个体可能充当男性，同时也保留了女性的生殖器官。