Existing nomenclatures for the venation of the odonate wing are inconsistent and inaccurate. We offer a new scheme, based on the evolution and ontogeny of the insect wing and on the physical structure of wing veins, in which the veins of dragonflies and damselflies are fully reconciled with those of the other winged orders. Our starting point is the body of evidence that the insect pleuron and sternum are foreshortened leg segments and that wings evolved from leg appendages. We find that all expected longitudinal veins are present. The costa is a short vein, extending only to the nodus, and the entire costal field is sclerotised. The so-called double radial stem of Odonatoidea is a triple vein comprising the radial stem, the medial stem and the anterior cubitus, the radial and medial fields from the base of the wing to the arculus having closed when the basal sclerites fused to form a single axillary plate. In the distal part of the wing the medial and cubital fields are secondarily expanded. In Anisoptera the remnant anal field also is expanded. The dense crossvenation of Odonata, interpreted by some as an archedictyon, is secondary venation to support these expanded fields. The evolution of the odonate wing from the palaeopteran ancestor – first to the odonatoid condition, from there to the zygopteran wing in which a paddle-shaped blade is worked by two strong levers, and from there through grade Anisozygoptera to the anisopteran condition – can be simply explained.

中文翻译：

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Odonata的翼脉

现有的齿状翅脉的命名是不一致和不准确的。我们提供了一个新的方案，基于昆虫翅膀的进化和个体发育以及翅膀静脉的物理结构，其中蜻​​蜓和豆娘的静脉与其他有翅目的静脉完全一致。我们的出发点是大量证据表明昆虫胸膜和胸骨是缩短的腿节，而翅膀是从腿附件进化而来的。我们发现所有预期的纵向静脉都存在。肋骨是一条短静脉，仅延伸到结节，整个肋骨区域都已硬化。Odonatoidea的所谓双桡骨干是由桡骨干、内侧干和前肘肌组成的三静脉，当基底巩膜融合形成单个腋板时，从机翼基部到弧形的径向和中间区域已经闭合。在机翼的远端，内侧和肘部区域二次扩张。在 Anisoptera 中，残留的肛门区域也扩大了。Odonata 的密集交叉脉络，被一些人解释为一个archedictyon，是支持这些扩展领域的次要脉络。齿状翅从古翅目祖先的进化——首先到齿状突条件，从那里到双翅目，其中桨状叶片由两个强大的杠杆作用，从那里通过级异合翅目到异翅目条件——可以是简单解释。在机翼的远端，内侧和肘部区域二次扩张。在 Anisoptera 中，残留的肛门区域也扩大了。Odonata 的密集交叉脉络，被一些人解释为一个archedictyon，是支持这些扩展领域的次要脉络。齿状翅从古翅目祖先的进化——首先到齿状突条件，从那里到双翅目，其中桨状叶片由两个强大的杠杆作用，从那里通过级异合翅目到异翅目条件——可以是简单解释。在机翼的远端，内侧和肘部区域二次扩张。在 Anisoptera 中，残留的肛门区域也扩大了。Odonata 的密集交叉脉络，被一些人解释为一个archedictyon，是支持这些扩展领域的次要脉络。齿状翅从古翅目祖先的进化——首先到齿状突条件，从那里到双翅目，其中桨状叶片由两个强大的杠杆作用，从那里通过级异合翅目到异翅目条件——可以是简单解释。