The silage additives not only influence the fermentation quality of silages, but may have positive effects on animal performance by affecting the ruminal fermentation. This study was conducted to determine the effect of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) inoculants, either alone or in combination with fibrolytic enzymes on the fermentation quality, and ruminal nutrients degradability, fermentation profile and microbial communities of high‐moisture alfalfa silage. Alfalfa (206 g dry matter [DM]/kg fresh matter) was ensiled in laboratory‐scale silos with four experimental variants: (a) deionized water (Control); (b) LAB inoculants (Lactobacillus plantarum and Pediococcus pentosaceus combination; I); (c) fibrolytic enzymes (cellulase and hemicellulase enzymes combination; E); (d) a mixture of I and E (IE). All silos were opened after 45 days for determining the silage quality. Further, the four experimental silages were used to measure in vitro rumen degradability, fermentation profile and bacterial populations by fermenting with buffered rumen fluid. The addition of I stimulated a more efficient homofermentation of high‐moisture alfalfa silage than in the variants without I, as evidenced by higher lactic‐to‐acetic acid ratios and lower DM losses, and IE addition further enhanced the homofermentation. Compared to the Control, the addition of E increased the proteolysis, and decreased in vitro degradability of DM (IVDMD) and crude protein of DM (IVCPD) as well as in vitro gas production of 48 hr (GP₄₈). The addition of I reduced the proteolysis and methane production, and increased the IVDMD, IVCPD, GP₄₈, ruminal short‐chain fatty acids concentrations and microbial protein production. The populations of Genus Prevotella were higher in silages produced with I, but lower with E than the Control. The data suggested that the addition of LAB inoculants alone or together with fibrolytic enzymes could improve the fermentation quality and nutritive value of high‐moisture alfalfa silage.

中文翻译：

---

乳酸菌接种剂和纤溶酶对高水分苜蓿青贮饲料发酵质量，体外降解性，瘤胃变量和微生物群落的影响

青贮饲料添加剂不仅影响青贮饲料的发酵质量，而且可能通过影响瘤胃发酵而对动物性能产生积极影响。进行这项研究的目的是确定乳酸菌（LAB）接种剂单独或与溶纤酶组合使用对高水分苜蓿青贮饲料的发酵质量，瘤胃营养物质降解性，发酵特性和微生物群落的影响。苜蓿（206 g干物质[DM] / kg新鲜物质）被青贮在实验室规模的筒仓中，具有四个实验变体：（a）去离子水（对照）；（b）LAB接种剂（植物乳杆菌和戊糖小球菌的组合；I）; （c）纤溶酶（纤维素酶和半纤维素酶的组合；E）；（d）I和E（IE）的混合物。45天后打开所有料仓以确定青贮饲料的质量。此外，通过用缓冲的瘤胃液发酵，使用四种实验性青贮饲料来测量体外瘤胃的可降解性，发酵曲线和细菌种群。I的添加比不含I的变体刺激了高水分苜蓿青贮饲料的更有效的发酵，这可以通过较高的乳酸/乙酸比和较低的DM损失来证明，而IE的添加进一步增强了发酵。与对照相比，添加E增加了蛋白水解作用，降低了DM的体外降解性（IVDMD）和DM的粗蛋白（IVCPD），以及48小时的体外产气量（GP ₄₈）。I的添加减少了蛋白水解和甲烷的产生，并增加了IVDMD，IVVCD，GP ₄₈，瘤胃短链脂肪酸浓度和微生物蛋白的产生。由I产生的青贮饲料中普雷沃氏菌属的种群较高，而由E产生的青贮种群比对照组低。数据表明，单独添加LAB接种剂或与纤溶酶一起添加可以提高高水分苜蓿青贮饲料的发酵质量和营养价值。