Abstract The Kemalpaşa Basin is one of the Quaternary basins in Western Anatolia and represents the south-western branch of the Gediz Graben system in this extensional province. This basin has been formed under the NNE–SSW trending extensional tectonic regime. It is bounded by a major fault, the Kemalpaşa Fault, in the south and it is bounded by a number of downstepping faults, called as Spildağı Fault Zone, in the north. Both margin-bounding faults of the Kemalpaşa Basin are oblique-slip normal faults. In order to better understand the activities of these faults, we investigated the tectonic geomorphology of the Kemalpaşa Basin and interpreted the effect of tectonic activity on the geomorphological evolution using geomorphic markers such as drainage basin patterns, facet geometries and morphometric indices such as hypsometric curves and integral (HI), basin shape index (Bs), valley floor width-to-height ratio (Vf) and mountain front sinuosity (Smf). The morphometric analysis of 30 drainage basins in total and mountain fronts bounding the basin from both sides suggests a relatively high degree of tectonic activity. The mountain front sinuosity (Smf) generally varies from 1.1 to 1.3 in both sides of the basin suggesting the active fronts and facet slopes (12°–32°) suggest a relatively high degree of activity along the both sides of the Kemalpaşa Basin. Similarly, the valley floor width-to-height ratios (Vf) obtained from the both sides indicate low values varying from 0.043 to 0.92, which are typical values (<1) for tectonically active mountain fronts. The all values obtained are lower for the southern side. Therefore, we suggest that the tectonic activity of the Kemalpaşa Fault higher than the Spildağı Fault Zone. This difference that can be arised from the different uplift rates also reveals the typical asymmetric characteristics of the Kemalpaşa Basin. Additionally, the trapezoidal facets which have been observed on the southern side of the basin indicate that the Kemalpaşa Fault is evolutionally more active as compared to the Spildağı Fault Zone. The geomorphic indices indicate that the Quaternary landscape evolution of the Kemalpaşa Basin was governed by tectonic and erosional processes, and also the all results of morphometric analysis suggest a relatively high degree of tectonic activity along the faults bounding the Kemalpaşa Basin. Moreover, considering that active large normal faults with an average 15 km long can cause major earthquake, the earthquake hazard in the Kemalpaşa Basin should be investigated in detailed paleoseismological studies.

中文翻译：

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Kemalpaşa 盆地和周围地垒的构造地貌，Gediz Graben 西南部，西安纳托利亚

摘要 Kemalpaşa 盆地是西部安纳托利亚第四纪盆地之一，代表了该伸展省的 Gediz Graben 系统的西南分支。该盆地是在 NNE-SSW 向伸展构造体制下形成的。它以南部的主要断层 Kemalpaşa 断层为界，北部以许多被称为 Spildağı 断层带的下行断层为界。凯末尔帕萨盆地的两条边缘断层均为斜滑正断层。为了更好地了解这些断层的活动，我们调查了 Kemalpaşa 盆地的构造地貌，并使用流域盆地模式等地貌标记解释了构造活动对地貌演化的影响，刻面几何和形态测量指标，例如测高曲线和积分 (HI)、盆地形状指数 (Bs)、谷底宽高比 (Vf) 和山前曲折度 (Smf)。对总共 30 个流域盆地和从两侧包围盆地的山前线的形态测量分析表明，构造活动程度相对较高。盆地两侧的山锋弯曲度 (Smf) 通常在 1.1 至 1.3 之间变化，表明活动锋和小平面坡度 (12°-32°) 表明沿 Kemalpaşa 盆地两侧的活动程度相对较高。类似地，从两侧获得的谷底宽高比 (Vf) 表示从 0.043 到 0.92 不等的低值，这是构造活动山锋的典型值 (<1)。南侧获得的所有值都较低。因此，我们认为 Kemalpaşa 断层的构造活动高于 Spildağı 断层带。这种由不同抬升率引起的差异也揭示了 Kemalpaşa 盆地典型的不对称特征。此外，在盆地南侧观察到的梯形面表明，与 Spildağı 断层带相比，Kemalpaşa 断层在演化上更为活跃。地貌指数表明，凯末尔帕萨盆地第四纪地貌演化受构造和侵蚀过程控制，形态测量分析的所有结果表明，沿凯末尔帕萨盆地边界的断层具有较高程度的构造活动。而且，