A listing of the accepted freshwater diatom genera worldwide is presented, indicating the distribution of the genera by continent. Out of a total of 249 genera, 63 (25%) of those genera are endemic to a single continent. The continent with the largest number of endemic genera is Asia, hosting 35 endemic genera. While Asia is also the continent with the most reported genera, a regression analysis showed there is no relationship between the continental richness of genera and generic endemism. Disjunct genera, those found on two continents, represent distributions found in other groups of organisms such as in higher plants, including North America-Europe, North America–Asia and Southern Hemisphere disjunctions. There are certain lineages of freshwater diatoms where the endemic genera are restricted to specific continents: both thalassiosiroid and cymbelloid diatoms have endemics in Asia, while eunotioids have endemics in South America. Future research is suggested combining distributions over space and time related to phylogenetic relationships of diatoms.

中文翻译：

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淡水硅藻属的全球名录和生物地理学：系统发育视角

列出了世界范围内公认的淡水硅藻属，表明该属按大陆的分布。在总共 249 个属中，其中 63 个 (25%) 属是单一大陆的特有种。地方性属最多的大陆是亚洲，共有35个地方性属。虽然亚洲也是报告属最多的大陆，但回归分析显示属的大陆丰富度与属名特有性之间没有关系。在两大洲发现的分离属代表在其他生物群中发现的分布，例如在高等植物中发现的分布，包括北美-欧洲、北美-亚洲和南半球分离。某些淡水硅藻谱系的特有属仅限于特定大陆：thalassiosiroid 和 cymbelloid 硅藻在亚洲都有地方性，而eunotioids 在南美洲有地方性。未来的研究建议结合与硅藻系统发育关系相关的空间和时间分布。