Abstract Climate change is increasing the speed at which tangible coastal cultural heritage is changing in character or being lost through weathering, erosion, and inundation. Damages to coastal archeological sites, loss of access to historical sites, and the alteration of cultural landscapes will force changes in the way researchers can study sites, tourists can enjoy places, and descendant communities who have lived in particular areas for time immemorial, and local community members can utilize and relate to landscapes. In the USA, the National Park Service is a primary coastal cultural resource management organization. The National Park Service has been working on climate change adaptation for cultural resources for over a decade; however, there are few examples of parks in which long range climate change adaptation plans for cultural resources have been implemented. Building from 20 semi-structured interviews with cultural resource managers in three parks, we found that institutional structures within the National Park Service, as well as historical conceptual framings specific to the research, recreational, and interpretive values of cultural resources act as barriers to managers’ ability to design and implement climate change adaptation plans. Institutional barriers managers discussed include the dependence of climate change adaptation decisions partnership projects and the leveraging of budgetary and staff resources within NPS that may affect climate change adaptation capacity. We found that park managers often saw impacts in parks that may be associated with climate change, but found it difficult to separate normal maintenance from climate change affected deterioration, which may lead to status quo management actions rather than revised planning for a changing future regime. Conceptual barriers managers discussed revealed a conflict between preservation needs of research versus interpretive uses and while NPS guidance recommends prioritization of cultural resources for preservation at the park level, regional managers were more focused on this topic than park managers. As NPS moves forward with climate change adaptation planning, opportunities to develop and improve cultural resource preservation with new technologies, improved prioritization schemes, and include public input in resource preservation may help coastal managers overcome these barriers.

中文翻译：

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沿海文化遗产适应气候变化的制度和概念障碍

摘要 气候变化正在加快沿海有形文化遗产的特征变化或因风化、侵蚀和淹没而消失的速度。对沿海考古遗址的破坏、无法进入历史遗址以及文化景观的改变将迫使研究人员研究遗址的方式、游客可以享受的地方以及在远古时代居住在特定地区的后代社区以及当地的方式发生变化。社区成员可以利用景观并与之相关。在美国，国家公园管理局是主要的沿海文化资源管理机构。十多年来，国家公园管理局一直致力于文化资源的气候变化适应；然而，很少有公园实施了针对文化资源的长期气候变化适应计划。通过对三个公园的文化资源管理者的 20 次半结构化访谈，我们发现国家公园管理局内的制度结构以及特定于文化资源的研究、娱乐和解释价值的历史概念框架是管理者的障碍' 设计和实施气候变化适应计划的能力。管理人员讨论的制度障碍包括气候变化适应决策伙伴关系项目的依赖性以及可能影响气候变化适应能力的 NPS 内预算和人力资源的杠杆作用。我们发现公园管理者经常看到可能与气候变化有关的公园影响，但发现很难将正常维护与受气候变化影响的恶化区分开来，这可能导致采取维持现状的管理行动，而不是针对未来不断变化的制度进行修订规划。管理者讨论的概念障碍揭示了研究的保护需求与解释性用途之间的冲突，虽然 NPS 指南建议在公园层面优先保护文化资源，但区域管理者比公园管理者更关注这个主题。随着 NPS 推进气候变化适应规划，利用新技术开发和改善文化资源保护的机会、改进的优先排序计划以及将公共投入纳入资源保护可能有助于沿海管理者克服这些障碍。