Since its introduction, the genus Philine has epitomized numerous mollusc snails with strong morphological convergence. Recently, a molecular analysis including a wide taxon sampling split this group into four non‐sister families. Although they are especially diverse in cold and deep waters, no comprehensive studies are available for the Antarctic counterparts. Here, our morpho‐anatomical and molecular data suggest major changes in the systematics of the group. From the eight known species, two are synonymized, Antarctophiline amoena with A. alata, and A. gouldi with A. gibba, and two are transferred to the genus Antarctophiline, namely A. apertissima comb.n. and A. falklandica comb.n. Two new species are described, A. easmithi sp.n. and A. amundseni sp.n. from different depths in the eastern Weddell Sea. The elusive P. antarctica from the Ross Sea was found in the Weddell Sea and Waegelea gen.n. is erected to place this species. Both phylogenetic and morphological data support the erection of Antarctophilinidae fam.n. to embrace most of the Philinoidea species described in the Southern Ocean. Only two species of Philinidae are found in Antarctic waters, Spiraphiline bathyalis gen. et sp.n. from bathyal depths in the Weddell Sea and S. kerguelensis comb.n. from the Kerguelen Islands. In light of the new data provided for all described species and the phylogenetic framework proposed herein, we briefly discuss the diversification and biogeographical patterns of Antarctic philinoid snails. Overall, antarctophilinid species seem to have restricted and grossly nonoverlapping distributions suggesting allopatric speciation connected possibly to geographical or bathymetric isolation.

中文翻译：

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揭开南极软体动物谱系的面纱：来自philinoid蜗牛的新证据（腹足纲：Cephalaspidea）

自引入以来，Phileine 属已成为众多具有强烈形态趋同性的软体动物蜗牛的缩影。最近，一项包括广泛分类群抽样的分子分析将这个群体分为四个非姐妹家族。虽然它们在寒冷和深水区特别多样化，但没有针对南极同行的全面研究。在这里，我们的形态解剖和分子数据表明该组的系统学发生了重大变化。从八个已知的物种中，有两个被同义，Antarctophiline amoena 与 A. alata 同义，A. gouldi 与 A. gibba 同义，还有两个被转移到 Antarctophiline 属，即 A. apertissima comb.n。和 A. falklandica comb.n。描述了两个新物种，A. easmithi sp.n。和 A. amundseni sp.n. 来自威德尔海东部的不同深度。难以捉摸的P 来自罗斯海的南极洲被发现于威德尔海和韦格利亚 gen.n. 竖立放置这个物种。系统发育和形态学数据都支持 Antarctophilinidae fam.n 的建立。包括在南大洋中描述的大多数 Philinoidea 物种。在南极水域中只发现了两种 Philinidae，即 Spiraphiline Bathyalis gen。et sp.n. 来自威德尔海和 S. kerguelensis comb.n. 的深海深处。来自凯尔盖朗群岛。根据为所有描述的物种提供的新数据和本文提出的系统发育框架，我们简要讨论了南极 philinoid 蜗牛的多样化和生物地理模式。总体，