Abstract Hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), a highly chlorinated pesticide, was used worldwide in the 1950s and 1960s. HCH toxic residues are still detected in environmental compartments. Thus, effective, viable and eco-friendly strategy is required for its remediation. In this study, degradation of four HCH isomers was evaluated by amending contaminated soil using four treatments of spent mushroom compost (SMC) of Pleurotus ostraetus. The soil was incubated for 5 weeks and was sampled every seven days. Quantitative attenuation in HCH was calculated using gas chromatography–electron capture detector (GC-ECD) and metabolite was identified using gas chromatography–mass selective detector (GC-MSD). Maximum reduction 58%, 26%, 45%, and 64% for α-, β-, γ- and δ-HCH isomers, respectively, using SMC and soil (both unsterilized) showed that this treatment was the best for bioremediation of HCH in soil. However, when one of the factors, either soil or SMC, was sterilized, a significant reduction in HCH degradation was noticed. The second most reduction of isomers was seen during treatment where unsterilized SMC was added in sterilized soil followed by treatment where SMC was sterilized but soil was not. Abiotic control did not remove any significant quantities of HCH. Simple first-order (SFO) kinetic confirmed that SMC reduced the half-live manifolds as compared to biotic control. Only one metabolite δ-PCCH was identified during the course of study.

中文翻译：

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用平菇废弃蘑菇堆肥生物修复土壤中的六氯环己烷（HCH）

摘要 六氯环己烷 (HCH) 是一种高度氯化的农药，在 1950 年代和 1960 年代在全球范围内使用。在环境隔间中仍检测到六氯环己烷有毒残留物。因此，其修复需要有效、可行和生态友好的策略。在这项研究中，通过对平头菇的废弃蘑菇堆肥 (SMC) 进行四种处理，改良受污染的土壤，评估了四种六氯环己烷异构体的降解情况。将土壤培养 5 周，每 7 天取样一次。使用气相色谱-电子捕获检测器 (GC-ECD) 计算 HCH 中的定量衰减，使用气相色谱-质量选择检测器 (GC-MSD) 鉴定代谢物。α-、β-、γ- 和 δ-六氯环己烷异构体分别最大减少 58%、26%、45% 和 64%，使用 SMC 和土壤（均未灭菌）表明，这种处理对土壤中六氯环己烷的生物修复效果最佳。然而，当对土壤或 SMC 中的一个因素进行消毒时，注意到六氯环己烷的降解显着减少。在处理过程中观察到异构体的第二次减少，其中将未灭菌的 SMC 添加到已灭菌的土壤中，然后是 SMC 已灭菌但土壤未灭菌的处理。非生物控制没有去除任何大量的六氯环己烷。简单的一级 (SFO) 动力学证实，与生物对照相比，SMC 减少了半衰期。在研究过程中仅鉴定出一种代谢物 δ-PCCH。在处理过程中观察到异构体的第二次减少，其中将未灭菌的 SMC 添加到已灭菌的土壤中，然后是 SMC 已灭菌但土壤未灭菌的处理。非生物控制没有去除任何大量的六氯环己烷。简单的一级 (SFO) 动力学证实，与生物对照相比，SMC 减少了半衰期。在研究过程中仅鉴定出一种代谢物 δ-PCCH。在处理过程中观察到异构体的第二次减少，其中将未灭菌的 SMC 添加到已灭菌的土壤中，然后是 SMC 已灭菌但土壤未灭菌的处理。非生物控制没有去除任何大量的六氯环己烷。简单的一级 (SFO) 动力学证实，与生物对照相比，SMC 减少了半衰期。在研究过程中仅鉴定出一种代谢物 δ-PCCH。