Abstract Accurate social perception depends on many factors, including the extent to which perceivers hold correct beliefs about how behaviors reflect the characteristic being judged. In Study 1, target participants recorded videos introducing themselves to either a gay or straight student who was ostensibly in another room. Unbeknownst to the targets, the other student was illusory and not real. Analysis of the targets’ videos revealed that they behaved more positively toward the gay than straight student. Two subsequent studies demonstrated that new perceivers were below chance in guessing the illusory student’s sexual orientation from watching the male targets’ behavior, presumably because they expected to see negative behavior toward the gay illusory student. The study documents processes whereby social perception can go awry.

中文翻译：

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当社会认知出错时：判断目标对同性恋者与异性恋者的行为

摘要 准确的社会感知取决于许多因素，包括感知者对行为如何反映被判断特征的正确信念的程度。在研究 1 中，目标参与者录制了向表面上在另一个房间的同性恋或异性恋学生介绍自己的视频。目标不知道的是，另一个学生是虚幻的而不是真实的。对目标视频的分析表明，与异性恋学生相比，他们对同性恋者的表现更积极。随后的两项研究表明，新知觉者通过观察男性目标的行为来猜测错觉学生的性取向的机会较低，这大概是因为他们希望看到对同性恋错觉学生的负面行为。该研究记录了社会认知可能出错的过程。