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Review of the book ‘Domestication of radiata pine’
Australian Forestry ( IF 2.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-01-02 , DOI: 10.1080/00049158.2019.1578451
Harry X. Wu 1, 2
Affiliation  

Radiata pine has been an outstanding conifer species for genetic improvement and silviculture manipulation since World War II in the southern hemisphere. The success of radiata pine domestication is an excellent textbook example for reforestation and plantation forestry and is meticulously documented in this large and monumental monograph by three prominent radiata pine geneticists and foresters: Rowland Burdon (New Zealand), William Libby (USA) and Alan Brown (Australia). The idea of documenting radiata pine domestication was conceived half a century ago, but the real work started only about 20 years ago after their retirements. The book covers a wide area of radiata pine domestication process, including government initiatives, industry development, institutional change and the dynamics of breeding and silviculture systems. As stated in the book’s preface ‘This is not just a story about radiata pine —it is also about people and institutions, ... the interactions between these aspects’. Radiata pine has all the necessary virtues for successfully domestication: it grows rapidly with an acceptable rate of investment return on suitable sites. It produces stem wood of satisfactory quality allowing easy harvesting and processing, producing excellent wood products. It is relatively easy to propagate using vegetative cuttings at a young age and has abundant seed production. It also has no major disease and pest (or at least they are controllable) and has acceptable tolerance to various site conditions. However, the real success of radiata pine domestication rests on many human factors: need for secure wood supply for structure wood production from plantation; relatively stable political and economic environments; success of tree improvement; and the development of modern plantation establishment andmanagement systems. As illustrated through the narratives from six stages of radiata pine plantation development, successful plantation forestry development may be not only a purely commercial investment process, but also a combination of national strategy (secure supply of wood resources), finance (economic return), social (employment) and environment (carbon, land rehabilitation and sustainability) investment. The book describes the radiata pine domestication process chronologically along with plantation development, institutional changes, tree improvement programs and the development of silviculture and management systems. Domestication is described for five countries: New Zealand, Australia, Chile, South Africa and Spain. But the main focus is for New Zealand and Australia as these two countries lead the domestication and associated research involving radiata pine. The whole domestication process is divided into six stages: pre-plantation before 1900, early plantation development from 1902 to 1951, plantation expansion with initial tree improvement from 1952 to 1968, plantation with development of management practices between 1969 and 1983, plantation with intensive breeding from 1984 to 1997 and plantation refinement and smart management system from 1998 onwards. These major events within each stage are briefly outlined mainly based on New Zealand and Australia stories here, with focus on tree improvement:

中文翻译:

书评《辐射松的驯化》

自第二次世界大战以来,辐射松一直是南半球用于遗传改良和造林操作的杰出针叶树树种。辐射松驯化的成功是重新造林和人工林林业的极好教科书范例,三位杰出的辐射松遗传学家和林业工作者在这本大型且具有纪念意义的专着中进行了详细记录:Rowland Burdon(新西兰)、William Libby(美国)和 Alan Brown (澳大利亚)。记录辐射松驯化的想法是在半个世纪前构想的,但真正的工作在他们退休后的 20 年前才开始。这本书涵盖了辐射松驯化过程的广泛领域,包括政府举措、行业发展、制度变革以及育种和造林系统的动态。正如这本书的序言中所说,“这不仅仅是一个关于辐射松的故事——它也是关于人和机构,......这些方面之间的相互作用”。辐射松具有成功驯化所需的所有优点:它生长迅速,在合适的地点投资回报率可接受。它生产质量令人满意的茎木,易于采伐和加工,生产出优质的木制品。在幼龄时使用营养插条繁殖相对容易,并且种子产量丰富。它也没有重大病虫害(或至少它们是可控的)并且对各种场地条件具有可接受的耐受性。然而,辐射松驯化的真正成功取决于许多人为因素:从人工林生产结构木材需要安全的木材供应;相对稳定的政治经济环境;树木改良的成功;以及现代种植园建设和管理系统的发展。正如辐射松人工林发展六个阶段的叙述所表明的,成功的人工林发展可能不仅是一个纯粹的商业投资过程,而且是国家战略(木材资源的安全供应)、金融(经济回报)、社会的结合。 (就业)和环境(碳、土地恢复和可持续性)投资。这本书按时间顺序描述了辐射松驯化过程以及人工林的发展、制度变化、树木改良计划以及造林和管理系统的发展。描述了五个国家的驯化:新西兰、澳大利亚、智利、南非和西班牙。但主要关注点是新西兰和澳大利亚,因为这两个国家引领了辐射松的驯化和相关研究。整个驯化过程分为六个阶段:1900年之前的种植前,1902年至1951年的早期种植发展,1952年至1968年的种植园扩张和初步树木改良,1969年至1983年间管理措施发展的种植园,集约化养殖的种植园1984 年至 1997 年,1998 年起开发种植园精细化和智能管理系统。这里主要根据新西兰和澳大利亚的故事简要概述了每个阶段的这些重大事件,重点是树木改良:但主要关注点是新西兰和澳大利亚,因为这两个国家引领了辐射松的驯化和相关研究。整个驯化过程分为六个阶段:1900年之前的种植前,1902年至1951年的早期种植发展,1952年至1968年的种植园扩张和初步树木改良,1969年至1983年间管理措施发展的种植园,集约化养殖的种植园1984 年至 1997 年,1998 年起开发种植园精细化和智能管理系统。这里主要根据新西兰和澳大利亚的故事简要概述了每个阶段的这些重大事件,重点是树木改良:但主要关注点是新西兰和澳大利亚,因为这两个国家在辐射松的驯化和相关研究方面处于领先地位。整个驯化过程分为六个阶段:1900年之前的种植前,1902年至1951年的早期种植发展,1952年至1968年的种植园扩张和初步树木改良,1969年至1983年间管理措施发展的种植园,集约化养殖的种植园1984 年至 1997 年,1998 年起开发种植园精细化和智能管理系统。这里主要根据新西兰和澳大利亚的故事简要概述了每个阶段的这些重大事件,重点是树木改良:从 1902 年到 1951 年的早期种植园发展,从 1952 年到 1968 年通过初步树木改良扩大种植园,在 1969 年到 1983 年间发展了管理实践的种植园,从 1984 年到 1997 年进行了集约化育种的种植园,以及从 1998 年开始的种植园细化和智能管理系统。这里主要根据新西兰和澳大利亚的故事简要概述了每个阶段的这些重大事件,重点是树木改良:从 1902 年到 1951 年的早期种植园发展,从 1952 年到 1968 年进行初步树木改良的种植园扩张,在 1969 年到 1983 年间发展管理实践的种植园,从 1984 年到 1997 年进行集约化育种的种植园,以及从 1998 年开始的种植园细化和智能管理系统。这里主要根据新西兰和澳大利亚的故事简要概述了每个阶段的这些重大事件,重点是树木改良:
更新日期:2019-01-02
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