Abstract On the Cape Peninsula, Capensibufo rosei is known from only two isolated breeding populations within Table Mountain National Park. Because of its declining state, there is an urgent need to understand the genetic diversity, population structure and patterns of movement of this species. To do this, 15 microsatellite primer pairs were designed, optimised and tested. Successful loci were screened for null alleles and genotyping errors and then analysed, specifically noting the number of alleles, allelic size range, observed and expected heterozygosities, deviations from Hardy–Weinberg equilibrium (HWE) and linkage disequilibria. Bottleneck tests and analyses of molecular variance (AMOVA) were also conducted to gain insight into each population’s structure. Eleven primer pairs produced unambiguous polymerase chain reactions (PCR) products and scoreable bands, which were found to be polymorphic across both breeding populations. Deviations from HWE were detected owing to the presence of null alleles and inbreeding. Significant bottleneck signatures were detected for both populations and the AMOVA revealed significant differentiation between the two populations, indicating genetic structure at the population level.

中文翻译：

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使用新型微卫星标记分析玫瑰山蟾蜍（Capensibufo rosei）的遗传多样性

摘要 在开普半岛，只有桌山国家公园内的两个孤立的繁殖种群知道Capensibufo rosei。由于其处于衰退状态，迫切需要了解该物种的遗传多样性、种群结构和运动模式。为此，设计、优化和测试了 15 对微卫星引物。针对无效等位基因和基因分型错误筛选成功的基因座，然后进行分析，特别注意等位基因的数量、等位基因大小范围、观察到的和预期的杂合性、与哈代-温伯格平衡 (HWE) 的偏差和连锁不平衡。还进行了瓶颈测试和分子方差分析 (AMOVA)，以深入了解每个群体的结构。11 对引物产生明确的聚合酶链反应 (PCR) 产物和可评分的条带，发现它们在两个育种种群中都是多态的。由于存在无效等位基因和近亲繁殖，检测到 HWE 的偏差。两个种群都检测到明显的瓶颈特征，AMOVA 揭示了两个种群之间的显着差异，表明种群水平的遗传结构。