Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important staple food crop worldwide due to its adaptability to different environmental conditions. Because of its great economic and social importance, there is a constant requirement for new varieties with improved agronomic characteristics, such as tolerance to different biotic (such as bacterium, fungus, insect and virus) and abiotic stresses (such as salinity, drought and temperature), higher yield and better organoleptic and nutritional value. Among the new genome editing technologies, the clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) (CRISPR/Cas) system allows precise and specific edition in a targeted genome region. It is one of the most frequently used techniques for the study of the function of new genes and for the development of mutant lines with enhanced tolerance to biotic and abiotic stresses, herbicide resistance or improved yield. The wide varieties of applications for this technology include simple non-homologous end joining, homologous recombination, gene replacement, and base editing. In this review, we analyzed how some of these applications have been used in rice cultivars to obtain rice varieties better adapted to current environmental conditions and market requirements.

水稻（水稻L.）因其对不同环境条件的适应性而成为全球重要的主食作物。由于其巨大的经济和社会重要性，始终需要具有改良农艺特性的新品种，例如对不同生物（如细菌，真菌，昆虫和病毒）的耐受性以及非生物胁迫（如盐度，干旱和温度） ），更高的产量以及更好的感官和营养价值。在新的基因组编辑技术中，成簇的规则间隔的短回文重复序列（CRISPR）/ CRISPR相关蛋白（Cas）（CRISPR / Cas）系统可在目标基因组区域进行精确且特定的编辑。它是研究新基因功能和开发对生物和非生物胁迫耐受性增强，抗除草剂抗性或提高产量的突变株系的最常用技术之一。该技术的广泛应用包括简单的非同源末端连接，同源重组，基因置换和碱基编辑。在这篇综述中，我们分析了其中的一些应用如何在水稻品种中用于获得更适合当前环境条件和市场需求的水稻品种。