Nutrient deficiencies in crops are a serious threat to human health, especially for populations in poor areas. To overcome this problem, the development of crops with nutrient-enhanced traits is imperative. Biofortification of crops to improve nutritional quality helps combat nutrient deficiencies by increasing the levels of specific nutrient components. Compared with agronomic practices and conventional plant breeding, plant metabolic engineering and synthetic biology strategies are more effective and accurate in synthesizing specific micronutrients, phytonutrients, and/or bioactive components in crops. In this review, we discuss recent progress in the field of plant synthetic metabolic engineering, specifically in terms of research strategies of multigene stacking tools and engineering complex metabolic pathways, with a focus on improving traits related to micronutrients, phytonutrients, and bioactive components. Advances and innovations in plant synthetic metabolic engineering would facilitate the development of nutrient-enriched crops to meet the nutritional needs of humans.

中文翻译：

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提高作物营养品质的植物合成代谢工程

农作物营养缺乏严重威胁人类健康，特别是贫困地区人口。为了克服这个问题，开发具有营养强化特性的作物势在必行。通过生物强化作物来提高营养质量，有助于通过提高特定营养成分的水平来应对营养缺乏。与农艺实践和传统植物育种相比，植物代谢工程和合成生物学策略在合成作物中特定的微量营养素、植物营养素和/或生物活性成分方面更加有效和准确。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了植物合成代谢工程领域的最新进展，特别是在多基因堆叠工具和工程复杂代谢途径的研究策略方面，重点是改善与微量营养素、植物营养素和生物活性成分相关的性状。植物合成代谢工程的进步和创新将促进营养丰富的作物的开发，以满足人类的营养需求。