The geochemical fractionation of heavy metals, including Mn, Fe, Cu, Pb, Zn, Cd and Ni, collected from the surface sediments of the Jeddah coastal zone of the Red Sea in Saudi Arabia was determined using a sequential extraction technique. The data obtained from the five fractions indicated that the concentration of metals varies among different locations in the study area. The total metal concentrations (%) in the exchangeable (F₁), carbonate (F₂), reducible (F₃) and organic-bound (F₄) fractions were measured to determine the mobility of each studied metal. The sum of the two fractions F₃ and F₄ represented 70% of the Cu, 72% of the Zn and 36% of the Pb. However, the sum of the three fractions F₂, F₃ and F₄ represented 76%, 74%, 68% and 58% of the Cd, Ni, Fe and Mn, respectively. Approximately 46% of the total copper was related to organics, which could reflect a high mobility of copper in these sediments. The maximum mobility of metals in the sediments was confirmed by the bioavailability factor (BF), which was within the ranges of 0.47–0.93, 0.34–0.92, 0.62–0.95, 0.69–0.95, 0.24–0.82, 0.54–0.98, and 0.60–0.95 for Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb, Cd, and Ni, respectively. Based on the BF, the metals exhibited the following order: Cu ≈ Zn > Cd ≈ Ni ≈ Fe > Mn > Pb. The high levels of BF for the studied metals could reflect the potential for toxic metals to be easily released into the marine environment. The risk assessment code for Cd showed a medium risk in five sediment samples of the northern and southern regions and a high risk to the aquatic environment in the other sediment samples. However, the speciation of Fe, Mn, Cu, Zn, Pb and Ni in the studied sediments exhibited low to medium risks to the aquatic environment.

使用顺序提取技术确定了从沙特阿拉伯红海吉达沿海地区的表层沉积物中收集的重金属的地球化学分馏，包括锰，铁，铜，铅，锌，镉和镍。从这五个馏分获得的数据表明，金属浓度在研究区域的不同位置之间有所不同。测量可交换部分（F ₁），碳酸盐部分（F ₂），可还原部分（F ₃）和有机结合部分（F ₄）的总金属浓度（％），以确定每种研究金属的迁移率。两个分数F ₃和F ₄的总和代表铜的70％，锌的72％和铅的36％。但是，三个分数F ₂，F ₃和F ₄的总和分别占Cd，Ni，Fe和Mn的76％，74％，68％和58％。铜总量中约有46％与有机物有关，这可能反映了这些沉积物中铜的高迁移率。沉积物中金属的最大迁移率由生物利用度因子（BF）确认，其范围为0.47-0.93、0.34-0.92、0.62-0.95、0.69-0.95、0.24-0.82、0.54-0.98和0.60 Fe，Mn，Cu，Zn，Pb，Cd和Ni分别为–0.95。基于高炉，金属表现出以下顺序：Cu≈Zn> Cd≈Ni≈Fe> Mn> Pb。被研究金属的高BF含量可能反映出有毒金属易于释放到海洋环境中的潜力。镉的风险评估代码表明，北部和南部地区的五个沉积物样本中的镉风险中等，其他沉积物样本中的水生环境风险较高。然而，研究沉积物中Fe，Mn，Cu，Zn，Pb和Ni的形态对水生环境具有中低风险。