Abstract Thermal lake properties are sensitive to changes in windiness and precipitation, and affect the physical and chemical properties of the water column, which in turn control phytoplankton dynamics and primary production. We assessed the use of phytoplankton pigment profiling as a potential indicator of stratification conditions in temperate lakes in South-Central Chile. Spring and early summer phytoplankton pigment profiles and the physical and chemical limnology were analyzed in 43 lakes ranging in size, depth, altitude and catchment characteristics. Eleven lakes were sampled during both seasons. Variation in pigment composition between lakes was primarily related to stratification conditions and mixed layer light availability at the time of sampling. The dinoflagellate marker pigment peridinin was more abundant in more deeply mixed lakes with a lower mean irradiance, while chlorophyte pigments (chlorophyll b, lutein) tended to be higher in shallow (high-light) epilimnia. Diatom and chrysophyte pigments (fucoxanthin) dominated under less thermally stable and more variable light conditions. Cyanobacteria pigments (zeaxanthin), probably derived from picocyanobacteria, were relatively more abundant in very transparent, low productive lakes. Lakes in close vicinity of active volcanoes were enriched in silica and PO4-P and characterised by elevated chlorophyte marker pigments. Within strongly stratified lakes, in which the euphotic zone extended into the hypolimnion, cryptophyte pigments (alloxanthin) characterized the deep chlorophyll maxima while the epilimnion was consistently enriched with the photoprotective xanthophyll-cycle pigment violaxanthin. We conclude that major algal groups, represented by pigment biomarkers, are largely driven by changes in lake water column stratification and related mixed layer light availability as well as nutrient concentrations in temperate Chilean freshwater lakes.

中文翻译：

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智利中南部温带湖泊中浮游植物色素成分随混合条件的变化

摘要 热湖性质对风力和降水变化敏感，影响水体的理化性质，进而控制浮游植物的动态和初级生产。我们评估了浮游植物色素分析作为智利中南部温带湖泊分层条件的潜在指标的使用。对大小、深度、海拔高度和流域特征各不相同的 43 个湖泊进行了春季和初夏浮游植物色素分布和理化湖沼学分析。两个季节对 11 个湖泊进行了采样。湖泊之间颜料成分的变化主要与采样时的分层条件和混合层光可用性有关。在平均辐照度较低的更深层混合的湖泊中，甲藻标记色素 peridinin 更丰富，而在浅层（高光）浮游生物中，叶绿素色素（叶绿素 b、叶黄素）往往较高。硅藻和金藻色素（岩藻黄质）在热稳定性较差和光照条件变化较大的情况下占主导地位。蓝藻色素（玉米黄质），可能来自微微蓝藻，在非常透明、低生产力的湖泊中相对更丰富。活火山附近的湖泊富含二氧化硅和 PO4-P，其特征是叶绿素标记色素升高。在强烈分层的湖泊中，其中透光区延伸到水下层，隐生植物色素（异黄质）的特征是深叶绿素最大值，而表皮始终富含光保护叶黄素循环色素紫黄质。我们得出结论，以色素生物标志物为代表的主要藻类群在很大程度上是由湖水柱分层和相关混合层光可用性以及智利温带淡水湖的营养浓度变化驱动的。