Abstract Driving on ice is still a risky activity. Research has investigated the factors contributing to the friction mechanism and has reported experimental studies of pneumatic tyres on ice in order to develop models that predict tractive and braking performance on ice/snow. Therefore, developing testing methods to obtain relevant experimental data for the validation of models is equally important. There are agricultural and industrial vehicles which are also designed for pulling but there are no specific studies reporting experimental tests on traction force of such machines in snowy conditions. However, this issue is very topical, as demonstrated by the appearance on the market of winter tyres for such vehicles. This study presents a method for testing winter tyres in outdoor test facilities with a focus on traction performance. The conclusions will serve in future investigations as a concise knowledge source to develop improved testing facilities and tyre–ice interaction models, aiding the development of better tyre designs and improved vehicle safety systems. The functional tests hereafter described have been carried out with the aim of evaluating the possibility of measuring the influences of different technique solutions on the performance of certain 17.5 R25 sized industrial tyres.

中文翻译：

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专用车冬季轮胎牵引杆性能评价

摘要 在冰上驾驶仍然是一项危险的活动。研究调查了影响摩擦机制的因素，并报告了冰上充气轮胎的实验研究，以开发预测冰/雪上牵引和制动性能的模型。因此，开发测试方法以获得用于模型验证的相关实验数据同样重要。有也设计用于牵引的农业和工业车辆，但没有具体研究报告此类机器在下雪条件下的牵引力的实验测试。然而，这个问题非常具有话题性，市场上出现的此类车辆的冬季轮胎就证明了这一点。本研究提出了一种在户外测试设施中测试冬季轮胎的方法，重点是牵引性能。结论将在未来的调查中作为简明的知识来源，以开发改进的测试设施和轮胎-冰相互作用模型，帮助开发更好的轮胎设计和改进的车辆安全系统。下文描述的功能测试旨在评估测量不同技术解决方案对某些 17.5 R25 尺寸工业轮胎性能影响的可能性。