This work studies positive and negative introspection not as ‘static’ properties an agent might or might not have, but rather as epistemic actions that change the agent's knowledge. The proposed actions include not only operations for achieving full introspection (first with respect to all formulas, and then with respect to a particular χ), but also acts for increasing the agent's introspection by only one degree. In all cases, the actions are represented as model update operations, with matching modalities for expressing the operations' effects. Sound and complete axiom systems are provided in most cases, and some properties of the operations are explored.

这项工作研究的是积极的和消极的内省，而不是作为代理可能具有或可能不具有的“静态”属性，而是作为改变代理知识的认知行为。提议的措施不仅包括实现完全自省的操作（首先针对所有公式，然后针对特定的χ），而且还用于仅将代理的自省程度提高一个程度。在所有情况下，这些动作都表示为模型更新操作，并具有表示操作效果的匹配方式。在大多数情况下，都提供了完善的公理系统，并探讨了一些操作属性。