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Classifying Obstacles and Exploiting Class Information for Humanoid Navigation Through Cluttered Environments
International Journal of Humanoid Robotics ( IF 0.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-01-31 , DOI: 10.1142/s0219843620500139
Peter Regier 1 , Andres Milioto 2 , Cyrill Stachniss 2 , Maren Bennewitz 1
Affiliation  

Humanoid robots are often supposed to share their workspace with humans and thus have to deal with objects used by humans in their everyday life. In this article, we present our novel approach to humanoid navigation through cluttered environments, which exploits knowledge about different obstacle classes to decide how to deal with obstacles and select appropriate robot actions. To classify objects from RGB images and decide whether an obstacle can be overcome by the robot with a corresponding action, e.g., by pushing or carrying it aside or stepping over or onto it, we train and exploit a convolutional neural network (CNN). Based on associated action costs, we compute a cost grid containing newly observed objects in addition to static obstacles on which a 2D path can be efficiently planned. This path encodes the necessary actions that need to be carried out by the robot to reach the goal. We implemented our framework in the Robot Operating System (ROS) and tested it in various scenarios with a Nao robot as well as in simulation with the REEM-C robot. As the experiments demonstrate, using our CNN, the robot can robustly classify the observed obstacles into the different classes and decide on suitable actions to find efficient solution paths. Our system finds paths also through regions where traditional motion planning methods are not able to calculate a solution or require substantially more time.

中文翻译:

在杂乱的环境中对障碍物进行分类并利用类信息进行人形导航

人形机器人通常应该与人类共享工作空间,因此必须处理人类日常生活中使用的物体。在本文中,我们介绍了我们在杂乱环境中进行人形导航的新颖方法,该方法利用有关不同障碍物类别的知识来决定如何处理障碍物并选择适当的机器人动作。为了对 RGB 图像中的对象进行分类,并决定机器人是否可以通过相应的动作克服障碍物,例如,通过将其推到一边或跨过或跨过它,我们训练并利用了卷积神经网络 (CNN)。基于相关的行动成本,我们计算了一个成本网格,其中包含新观察到的对象以及可以有效规划二维路径的静态障碍物。该路径编码了机器人为达到目标而需要执行的必要动作。我们在机器人操作系统 (ROS) 中实现了我们的框架,并在各种场景中使用 Nao 机器人以及使用 REEM-C 机器人进行了模拟测试。正如实验所证明的,使用我们的 CNN,机器人可以将观察到的障碍物稳健地分类为不同的类别,并决定合适的动作以找到有效的解决方案路径。我们的系统还可以通过传统运动规划方法无法计算解决方案或需要更多时间的区域找到路径。使用我们的 CNN,机器人可以将观察到的障碍物稳健地分类为不同的类别,并决定合适的动作以找到有效的解决方案路径。我们的系统还可以通过传统运动规划方法无法计算解决方案或需要更多时间的区域找到路径。使用我们的 CNN,机器人可以将观察到的障碍物稳健地分类为不同的类别,并决定合适的动作以找到有效的解决方案路径。我们的系统还可以通过传统运动规划方法无法计算解决方案或需要更多时间的区域找到路径。
更新日期:2020-01-31
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