Vaccination is among the most effective means of preventing and controlling infectious disease outbreaks. Mathematical models can be used to identify the optimal allocation of vaccine among various groups when host populations are heterogeneous. Population heterogeneity may affect individual decision-making and government policy. We show that mixing among sub-populations can profoundly influence the optimal vaccination allocation. Centralized and decentralized programs are examined, accounting for individual behavior and economic constraints. We also compare approaches to modeling transitions between epidemiological classes by epidemiological and economic modelers, and identify key differences.

中文翻译：

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通过经济和流行病学模型确定最佳疫苗接种策略

疫苗接种是预防和控制传染病爆发的最有效手段之一。当宿主种群异质时，数学模型可用于确定疫苗在不同群体之间的最佳分配。人口异质性可能会影响个人决策和政府政策。我们表明，亚群之间的混合可以深刻影响最佳疫苗接种分配。检查集中和分散的程序，考虑个人行为和经济约束。我们还比较了流行病学和经济建模者对流行病学类别之间的转换进行建模的方法，并确定了关键差异。