Attacks on energy sectors and transport infrastructure are an important part of the strategy of Islamist militant and terrorist organizations, such as Al Qaeda and its offshoots or the Taliban. The article focuses on the attitude of the global Salafi-jihadist Islamist terrorist and militant group the Islamic State (IS) toward terrorism specifically targeting transport infrastructure and energy sectors, since it makes use of such terrorism as a political instrument of its strategy in the Middle East. The main aim of this article is to analyse the strategic importance of terrorist attacks on transport infrastructure and the energy industry for the IS against the background of the influence of Sunni Islam. The second goal of the article is to describe and analyse examples, goals and motives of the terrorist attacks on energy sectors and the accompanying criminal activities conducted by the IS in two selected Middle Eastern countries, Iraq and Syria, and the possible impact of the attacks on energy security.

袭击能源部门和运输基础设施是基地组织及其分支机构或塔利班等伊斯兰激进组织和恐怖组织战略的重要组成部分。本文着眼于全球萨拉菲圣战主义恐怖分子和激进组织伊斯兰国（IS）对专门针对运输基础设施和能源部门的恐怖主义的态度，因为该国将此类恐怖主义作为其中东战略的政治手段东。本文的主要目的是在逊尼派伊斯兰教影响力的背景下，分析恐怖袭击对运输基础设施和能源工业的战略重要性。本文的第二个目标是描述和分析示例，