The majority of crops we eat today are derived from the domestication of their wild progenitors. Crop domestication satisfies the human need for food and nutrition. Characterization of the history and genetic basis of crop domestication is essential for us to conduct modern breeding practices. Genomics provide unprecedented opportunities for us to study domestication. In this review, the typical domestication syndromes of horticultural crops will be introduced. Using the tomato as a typical example, we will discuss how genetic and genomic data were used to decipher the origins, progenitors, and domestication processes of this crop. In the domestication exploration of the genetic basis especially, genome-scaled diversity scanning approaches have gained great popularity. Combining these approaches with QTL (Quantitative trait locus)-mapping, GWAS (Genome wide association study), metabolomics and homology-based searches as well as pan-genomics have demonstrated tremendous advantages and significantly contribute to our understanding of domestication. Genomics studies will accelerate domestication research and further breeding of crops.

我们今天吃的大多数农作物都来自其野生祖先的驯化。作物驯化满足了人类对食物和营养的需求。作物驯化的历史和遗传基础的表征对于我们开展现代育种实践至关重要。基因组学为我们研究驯化提供了前所未有的机会。在这篇综述中，将介绍园艺作物的典型驯化综合症。以番茄为例，我们将讨论如何利用遗传学和基因组学数据破译这种作物的起源，祖先和驯化过程。尤其是在遗传基础的驯化探索中，基因组规模的多样性扫描方法已获得广泛普及。将这些方法与QTL（定量性状基因座）映射结合起来，GWAS（全基因组关联研究），代谢组学和基于同源性的检索以及泛基因组学已显示出巨大的优势，并极大地促进了我们对驯化的理解。基因组学研究将加速驯化研究和进一步的农作物育种。