Abstract A glasshouse experiment was conducted to study if glyphosate spraying has immediate short-term effects on the growth, reproduction and residue incorporation of the earthworm species Lumbricus terrestris L. The experiment simulated post-harvest conditions in no-till cereal cultivation, where L. terrestris often abound, and glyphosate is widely used. Pairs of adult, field-collected L. terrestris (median total mass 11.2 g fresh weight) were kept in fine sand-filled cylinders, with chopped wheat straw on the soil surface as feed. The treatment cylinders were sprayed with glyphosate at normal field application rate [Rodeo® XL 3.0 l ha−1, resulting in 1080 g a.i. ha−1 and “Contact” surfactant (0.5 l ha−1)]; the controls were sprayed with water (N = 12 for both). The treatment and control cylinders were maintained for two months at +15 °C, approximate 60% air humidity and 12h:12h light:dark cycle. All individuals survived the experiment. There was no difference in L. terrestris mass change over the experiment, with an average weight change of +0.96% in glyphosate treatment and −0.93% change in the control (p = 0.66). Glyphosate treatment and control did not differ in cocoon production rate (31 vs 28 cocoons cylinder−1 respectively; p = 0.30). The straw incorporation was slightly but not significantly lower in glyphosate-treated soil (decline in surface straw mass 27.5% vs. 30.5%; p = 0.07). The glyphosate treatment applied represents a commonly used practice in spring cereal cultivation, and it did not affect negatively L. terrestris. The varying study results on the effects of glyphosate on earthworms – and on L. terrestris in particular – may partly arise from notable variation in application rates and the formulation-surfactant combinations used in different experiments which needs to be considered in the ecological risk assessment of glyphosate use.

中文翻译：

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草甘膦喷洒和蚯蚓 Lumbricus terrestris L. 活动：评估在温室试验中模拟谷物收获后的短期影响

摘要 进行了温室试验，研究喷洒草甘膦是否对蚯蚓物种 Lumbricus terrestris L 的生长、繁殖和残留物掺入有直接的短期影响。该试验模拟了免耕谷物栽培的收获后条件，其中 L. terrestris 通常比比皆是，草甘膦被广泛使用。成对的田间采集的陆生天竺葵（平均总质量为 11.2 克鲜重）被保存在细沙填充的圆柱体中，土壤表面上有切碎的小麦秸秆作为饲料。以正常的田间施用率 [Rodeo® XL 3.0 l ha-1，产生 1080 g ai ha-1 和“接触”表面活性剂 (0.5 l ha-1)] 对处理缸喷洒草甘膦；对照用水喷洒（两者的 N = 12）。处理和控制钢瓶在 +15 °C 下保持两个月，大约 60% 的空气湿度和 12 小时：12 小时的光：暗循环。所有个体都在实验中幸存下来。实验中 L. terrestris 的质量变化没有差异，草甘膦处理的平均重量变化为 +0.96%，对照的平均重量变化为 -0.93% (p = 0.66)。草甘膦处理和对照在茧生产速率上没有差异（分别为 31 对 28 个茧圆柱体-1；p = 0.30）。在草甘膦处理过的土壤中，秸秆掺入量略有下降，但并不显着（表面秸秆质量下降 27.5% 对 30.5%；p = 0.07）。应用的草甘膦处理代表了春季谷物种植中的一种常用做法，并且不会对 L. terrestris 产生负面影响。关于草甘膦对蚯蚓和 L 的影响的不同研究结果。