Abstract In this paper, a numerical study has been carried out to assess changes in Atmospheric Boundary Layer (ABL) height under changing hydro-climatic conditions. ABL height is estimated by using the data from experiments conducted at three different sites- LAnd Surface Process EXperiment (LASPEX-97) in Sabarmati river basin, Gujarat, India, during 1997; Boundary Layer Late Afternoon and Sunset Turbulence (BLLAST) in Lannemezan, France, during 2011 and Integrated Global Radiosonde Archive (IGRA) in Tucson at Arizona, USA, during 2011. Here ABL height is estimated, during Intensive Observation Period (IOP), using 1-D turbulence closure model at all three site locations as well as following the Bulk Richardson Number (BRN) Approach. For LASPEX-97 only, the 1-D model with module for sub-surface processes coupled with upper-surface model is used for the estimation and compared with the only upper-surface model. ABL height, estimated by the coupled model, is found to be slightly higher than that by the un-coupled model. A copula-based analysis indicates that ABL height estimated by the 1-D model and same by BRN-based approach are statistically similar within 90% confidence interval (CI) under similar stratification condition. Thus, it validates the 1-D turbulence closure model for ABL height estimation. The sensitivity analysis of height of ABL, derived by 1-D model, against critical parameters reveals that surface condition (soil temperature) is more critical than atmospheric condition (net radiation) in forcing change on height of ABL in summer.

中文翻译：

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使用 Copula 进行 ABL 高度估计的湍流闭合模型和 Bulk Richardson 数方法之间的概率比较

摘要 在本文中，已进行数值研究以评估在变化的水文气候条件下大气边界层 (ABL) 高度的变化。ABL 高度是通过使用 1997 年在印度古吉拉特邦萨巴尔马蒂河流域的三个不同地点进行的实验数据估算出来的——Land Surface Process EXperiment (LASPEX-97)；2011 年法国 Lannemezan 的边界层傍晚和日落湍流 (BLLAST) 以及 2011 年美国亚利桑那州图森市的综合全球无线电探空仪档案 (IGRA)。这里的 ABL 高度是在密集观测期 (IOP) 期间估计的，使用所有三个站点位置的一维湍流闭合模型以及遵循批量理查森数 (BRN) 方法。仅适用于 LASPEX-97，具有地下过程模块的一维模型与上表面模型耦合用于估计并与唯一的上表面模型进行比较。发现耦合模型估计的 ABL 高度略高于非耦合模型。基于 copula 的分析表明，在类似分层条件下，由一维模型估计的 ABL 高度与基于 BRN 的方法估计的 ABL 高度在 90% 置信区间 (CI) 内在统计上相似。因此，它验证了用于 ABL 高度估计的一维湍流闭合模型。由一维模型导出的 ABL 高度对关键参数的敏感性分析表明，地表条件（土壤温度）比大气条件（净辐射）对夏季 ABL 高度的变化更为关键。