Rice is an important food crop with high agronomic and nutritional importance, and it is widely cultivated in tropical and temperate regions of the world. India is one of the centres of diversity in rice, and indigenous germplasms can be used to expand the genetic base of cultivated rice. The objective of this study is to determine the extent of genetic diversity among 30 rice genotypes by using 10 morphological traits and 24 simple sequence repeat (SSR) markers. A large variability was observed for morphological traits such as plant height (78.00–157.10 cm), number of tillers per plant (8.00–23.67), number of productive tillers per plant (5.83–20.17), shoot phosphorus content (0.054–0.254 mg/g), grain phosphorus content (0.163–0.392 mg/g) and single plant yield (9.59–38.15 g). A total of 101 alleles were produced from 24 SSRs with an average of 4.21 alleles per SSR. The polymorphism information content (PIC) values of SSR markers ranged from 0.238 to 0.799, with an average of 0.607. Further, cluster analysis based on the SSR data grouped 30 genotypes into three major and seven sub-clusters. Among them, cluster II A had the highest value for shoot phosphorus content (ADT 37 and MDU 5) and cluster I B had both shoot (IR 64 Pup 1) and grain phosphorus content (ASD 16). In summary, genotype data obtained by SSR markers together with morphological characterization of 30 selected rice genotypes in India unveiled the diversity among the rice genotypes and their potential use for phosphorus starvation tolerance breeding programmes.

中文翻译：

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水稻耐缺磷育种遗传多样性的形态学和微卫星标记评估

水稻是重要的农作物，具有很高的农业和营养重要性，在世界热带和温带地区广泛种植。印度是水稻多样性的中心之一，本地种质可以用来扩大栽培水稻的遗传基础。这项研究的目的是通过使用10个形态特征和24个简单序列重复（SSR）标记来确定30个水稻基因型之间的遗传多样性程度。在形态特征上观察到很大的变异性，例如株高（78.00–157.10 cm），每株分ers数量（8.00–23.67），每株生产分till数量（5.83–20.17），芽磷含量（0.054-0.254 mg / g），谷物磷含量（0.163-0.392 mg / g）和单株产量（9.59-38.15 g）。从24个SSR中总共产生了101个等位基因，平均为4个。每个SSR有21个等位基因。SSR标记的多态信息含量（PIC）值介于0.238至0.799之间，平均值为0.607。此外，基于SSR数据的聚类分析将30个基因型分为三个主要和七个亚类。其中，簇II A具有最高的枝条磷含量值（ADT 37和MDU 5），簇IB具有两个芽（IR 64）幼犬1）和谷物中的磷含量（ASD 16）。总之，通过SSR标记获得的基因型数据以及印度30种选定的水稻基因型的形态特征揭示了水稻基因型之间的多样性及其在磷饥饿耐性育种计划中的潜在用途。