An important objective of wheat improvement programmes is to breed varieties for high yield in optimum conditions and for minimum yield reduction under stress-prone conditions such as heat and drought. Analyses of yield and its components in multiple years allow a comprehensive and comparative understanding of genetic yield potential and stress-tolerance mechanisms in the study germplasm. The present study was carried out to evaluate performance of elite varieties and landraces of spring durum wheat under different water regimes, determine the repeatability of the examined traits, and identify superior genotypes for their potential use in breeding for drought tolerance. A total of 97 accessions of spring durum wheat (T. durum Desf.) were evaluated under rain-fed and well-watered conditions in the nursery of the Centre for Agricultural Research at Martonvásár, Hungary (2011–2013). The experiments were laid out in an unbalanced, incomplete alpha lattice block design. The trait with the lowest broad-sense repeatability was seed length (0.075), while high h² values were observed for heading date (0.89), thousand-grain weight (0.85) and the protein content (0.85). Grain yield showed moderate level of repeatability (0.53) across the three years. The principal component analysis revealed that grain yield (t/ha) is positively associated with the fertile tiller number, chlorophyll content values at early waxy ripeness stages and plant height. Based on biplot analysis, ‘DP-133′, ‘DP-017′ and ‘DP-061′ proved to be the best durum cultivars in terms of yield whereas genotypes ‘DP-011′, ‘DP-185′, 'DP-126′ and 'DP-136′ preceded them with their good yield stability.

中文翻译：

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灌溉和雨养条件下优质春硬质小麦基因型的鉴定

小麦改良计划的一个重要目标是在最佳条件下选育高产的品种，并在高温和干旱等易受压力的条件下使减产达到最小。多年的产量及其组成成分分析可以全面，比较地了解研究种质的遗传产量潜力和胁迫耐受机制。本研究旨在评估硬水长春小麦在不同水分状况下的优良品种和地方品种的性能，确定所研究性状的可重复性，并鉴定出优良的基因型，以用于潜在的耐旱育种。总共97种春硬质小麦（T. durum Desf。）在匈牙利Martonvásár（2011-2013）农业研究中心的育苗场和雨水充足的条件下进行了评估。实验以不平衡的，不完整的alpha晶格块设计进行布局。广义重复性最低的性状是种子长度（0.075），而高h抽穗期（0.89），千粒重（0.85）和蛋白质含量（0.85）观察到^2个值。在这三年中，谷物产量显示出中等水平的重复性（0.53）。主成分分析表明，谷物产量（t / ha）与早期蜡质成熟阶段的分till数，叶绿素含量值和株高呈正相关。根据双作图分析，就产量而言，'DP-133'，'DP-017'和'DP-061'被证明是最好的硬粒小麦品种，而基因型'DP-011'，'DP-185'，'DP- 126'和'DP-136'之前具有良好的屈服稳定性。