European nature conservation has a strong focus on farmland harbouring threatened species that mainly co-occur with traditional agriculture shaped way before the green revolution. Increased land-use intensity in agriculture has caused an alarming decline in farmland biodiversity during the last century. How can a landscape perspective contribute to fostering our understanding on causes and consequences of farmland biodiversity decline and improving the effectiveness of conservation measures? To answer these questions, we discuss the importance of landscape compositional and configurational heterogeneity, understanding ecological mechanisms determining how landscape structure affects farmland biodiversity and considering the interplay of farmland biodiversity and ecosystem service conservation.

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Biologia Futura：农田生物多样性保护的景观视角

欧洲自然保护非常关注拥有受威胁物种的农田，这些物种主要与绿色革命之前的传统农业共同发生。在上个世纪，农业土地利用强度的增加导致农田生物多样性惊人地下降。景观视角如何有助于促进我们对农田生物多样性下降的原因和后果的理解以及提高保护措施的有效性？为了回答这些问题，我们讨论了景观组成和配置异质性的重要性，了解了决定景观结构如何影响农田生物多样性的生态机制，并考虑了农田生物多样性和生态系统服务保护的相互作用。