Abstract Marine aquaculture is widely distributed in coastal areas. The aquaculture farms generate drag resistance to fluid motion and alter ambient hydrodynamics. Meanwhile, aquacultural structures are subjected to complex flow conditions including waves and currents. With the expansion to more open areas with severe flow field conditions, marine aquacultural structures face greater challenges and risks of damage. Culture unit is an important component of aquacultural structures and shows flexibility in both field observations and laboratory measurements. Underestimating or overestimating the drag resistance of culture units under the action of fluid flow can lead to damage risks or overdesign of the structure. A dynamic model is developed to estimate the deflection of flexible culture units and is incorporated into an aquacultural structure numerical model in this paper. Critical factors for safety as well as routine operation of aquacultural structures are considered including structural responses and mooring line forces. A suspended mussel long line system is taken as an example, and the results show that the calculated value (9.2 kN) of the maximum tension of the north mooring line is in good agreement with the measured data (9.8 kN) under the action of tide flow. The influence of different flow field parameters on structural dynamic responses is investigated. The numerical results indicate that decreasing wave height can reduce maximum mooring line tension and longitudinal and vertical motion amplitude of the main line. The maximum tension of the mooring line generally decreases with the increase of the angle between the main line and the inflow direction under the action of waves and tide flows. In structural design, the arrangement angle of structures can be determined according to the force calculation of mooring lines based on the numerical model. The spacing of culture units and the distance between adjacent long lines can be determined by referring to the motion calculation of structures to avoid damage due to intertwinement of structural components.

中文翻译：

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振荡流下水产养殖结构的数值模型

摘要 海水养殖在沿海地区广泛分布。水产养殖场对流体运动产生阻力并改变环境流体动力学。同时，水产养殖结构受到包括波浪和水流在内的复杂流动条件的影响。随着向更开放、流场条件恶劣的区域扩张，海洋水产养殖结构面临更大的挑战和破坏风险。养殖单元是水产养殖结构的重要组成部分，在实地观察和实验室测量方面表现出灵活性。低估或高估培养单元在流体流动作用下的阻力会导致结构的损坏风险或过度设计。开发了一个动态模型来估计柔性养殖单元的挠度，并将其纳入本文的水产养殖结构数值模型中。考虑了水产养殖结构的安全和日常操作的关键因素，包括结构响应和系泊线力。以某悬浮贻贝长绳系统为例，结果表明，在潮汐作用下，北系泊绳最大拉力计算值（9.2 kN）与实测数据（9.8 kN）吻合较好流。研究了不同流场参数对结构动力响应的影响。数值结果表明，降低波高可以降低主缆的最大系泊张力和纵向和垂直运动幅度。在波浪和潮汐流的作用下，系泊缆的最大张力一般随着主缆与入流方向夹角的增大而减小。在结构设计中，可以根据数值模型根据系泊缆受力计算确定结构的布置角度。养殖单元的间距和相邻长线之间的距离可以参考结构的运动计算来确定，以避免由于结构构件相互缠绕而造成损坏。