Microneedle-based bioassays,Nanoscale Advances

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Microneedle-based bioassays
Nanoscale Advances ( IF 4.6 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-18 , DOI: 10.1039/d0na00543f
Jixiang Zhu _{1,

2} , Xingwu Zhou ₁ , Alberto Libanori ₁ , Wujin Sun _{1,

3}

Affiliation

Disease diagnosis and therapeutic efficacy can be monitored via a number of established bioassays that sample body fluids to assess and monitor health conditions. Traditional bioassays generally include several steps and start with invasive body fluid extraction procedures. These steps are painful and often require specialized techniques and tailored equipment, as well as the supervision of professional medical personnel. Innovations in engineering alternative bioassays to address these shortcomings are thus desired. Microneedles (MNs) represent promising tools to sample body fluids, in view of their minimal invasiveness, painlessness, and uncomplicated implementation. Recent progress in microfabrication and materials engineering, including the development of hollow and solid MNs with uniquely optimized architectures and multi-functional materials, has positioned MN-based platforms as prime candidates for bioassay solutions. In this minireview, we summarize the studies of MN-based platforms for detection and diagnosis. We categorize the platforms based on three different mechanisms: MNs as body fluid reservoirs, MNs integrated with electrochemical assays, and MNs engineered with colorimetric analyses. A discussion of design principles for MN-based bioassay platforms is presented. We also discuss the challenges and opportunities associated with MN-based bioassays in future clinical applications.

中文翻译：

基于微针的生物测定

疾病诊断和治疗效果可以通过许多已建立的生物测定来监测，这些生物测定对体液进行采样以评估和监测健康状况。传统的生物测定通常包括几个步骤，并从侵入性体液提取程序开始。这些步骤是痛苦的，通常需要专门的技术和定制的设备，以及专业医务人员的监督。因此，需要在工程替代生物测定方面进行创新来解决这些缺点。微针 (MN) 因其侵入性极小、无痛且操作简单，是一种很有前途的体液采样工具。微加工和材料工程的最新进展，包括开发具有独特优化结构和多功能材料的空心和实心微纳米，使基于微纳米的平台成为生物测定解决方案的主要候选者。在这篇小综述中，我们总结了基于 MN 的检测和诊断平台的研究。我们根据三种不同的机制对平台进行分类：作为体液储存库的 MN、与电化学分析集成的 MN、以及通过比色分析设计的 MN。讨论了基于 MN 的生物测定平台的设计原则。我们还讨论了基于 MN 的生物测定在未来临床应用中面临的挑战和机遇。

更新日期：2020-10-13

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