Magnetic skyrmions are nanosized topological spin textures stabilized by a delicate balance of magnetic energy terms. The chemical substitution of the underlying crystal structure of skyrmion-hosting materials offers a route to manipulate these energy contributions but also introduces additional effects such as disorder and pinning. While the effects of doping and disorder have been well studied in B20 metallic materials such as ${\mathrm{Fe}}_{1-x}{\mathrm{Co}}_x\mathrm{Si}$ and ${\mathrm{Mn}}_{1-x}{\mathrm{Fe}}_x\mathrm{Si}$, the consequences of chemical substitution in the magnetoelectric insulator ${\mathrm{Cu}}_2\mathrm{O}\mathrm{Se}{\mathrm{O}}_3$ have not been fully explored. In this work we utilize a combination of AC magnetometry and small-angle neutron scattering to investigate the magnetic phase transition dynamics in pristine and Zn-substituted ${\mathrm{Cu}}_2\mathrm{O}\mathrm{Se}{\mathrm{O}}_3$. The results demonstrate that the first-order helical-conical phase transition exhibits two thermally separated behavioral regimes: at high temperatures, the helical and conical domains transform by large-scale, continuous rotations, while at low temperatures, the two phases coexist. Remarkably, the effects of pinning in the substituted sample are less prevalent at low temperatures compared to high temperatures, despite the reduction of available thermal activation energy. We attribute this behavior to the large, temperature-dependent, cubic anisotropy unique to ${\mathrm{Cu}}_2\mathrm{O}\mathrm{Se}{\mathrm{O}}_3$, which becomes strong enough to overcome the pinning energy at low temperatures. Consideration and further exploration of these effects will be crucial when engineering skyrmion materials towards future applications.

中文翻译：

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Zn取代的天敌离子主体Cu2OSeO3中的各向异性诱导的脱钉作用

磁性天生离子是纳米级的拓扑自旋纹理，通过磁能项的微妙平衡得以稳定。Skyrmion-hosting材料的潜在晶体结构的化学取代为操纵这些能量贡献提供了一条途径，但同时也带来了其他影响，例如无序和钉扎。虽然在B20等金属材料中对掺杂和无序的影响进行了很好的研究，${铁}_{\mathrm{1个}-X}{\mathrm{有限公司}}_X硅$ 和 ${锰}_{\mathrm{1个}-X}{铁}_X硅$，化学取代在磁电绝缘子中的后果 ${铜}_2\mathrm{Ø}硒{\mathrm{Ø}}_3$尚未被充分探索。在这项工作中，我们结合使用交流磁强计和小角度中子散射来研究原始和锌取代的磁性相变动力学${铜}_2\mathrm{Ø}硒{\mathrm{Ø}}_3$。结果表明，一阶螺旋-锥形相变表现出两个热分离的行为形式：在高温下，螺旋和锥形域通过大规模连续旋转而转变，而在低温下，这两个相共存。值得注意的是，尽管可获得的热活化能有所降低，但与高温相比，在低温条件下钉扎在替代样品中的作用不那么普遍。我们将此行为归因于大的，与温度相关的立方各向异性${铜}_2\mathrm{Ø}硒{\mathrm{Ø}}_3$，其强度足以克服低温下的钉扎能量。当为未来应用工程化天rm材料时，考虑和进一步探索这些影响至关重要。