Slab orphaning is a newly discovered phenomenological behavior, where the slab tip breaks off at the top of the lower mantle (~660 km depth) and is abandoned by its parent slab. Upon orphaning, subduction continues uninterrupted through the lateral motion of the parent slab above 660 km depth. In this work, we present a regime diagram for the range of conditions under which slabs can orphan at the top of the lower mantle. Our models show that a viscosity jump at 1,000 km depth not coincident with the endothermic phase change responsible for the 660 km seismic discontinuity, is necessary for orphaning as is the presence of a low viscosity channel between 660 and 1,000 km depth. We show that orphan slabs, similar to other deep slab morphologies, can be the end result for a wide range of physical parameters governing slab dynamics: slab orphaning persists across wide variations in slab dip, slab yield stress/strength, Clapeyron slope values, and overriding plate nature. The diversity in orphan slab sizes and orphaning periods is tied to the orphaning regime space, which describes a hitherto unexplored region between deflected and penetrating deep-subduction modes. Orphaning provides a simple dynamic link between the well-known deflection and penetration, and provides one possible way for slabs to switch from direct penetration to deflection, littering the mantle with abandoned fragments. Orphan slabs are therefore the intermediary between these two extensively studied slab morphologies.

板块孤立是一种新发现的现象学行为，其中板块尖端在下地幔顶部（约660 km深度）处折断，并被其父板块抛弃。成为孤儿后，俯冲继续通过母板在660 km以上深度的横向运动而不受干扰。在这项工作中，我们给出了板在下地幔顶部孤儿的条件范围的状态图。我们的模型表明，对于孤儿来说，在1000 km深度处的粘度跃变与导致660 km地震间断的吸热相变不同步是必要的，因为在660至1000 km深度之间存在低粘度通道。我们表明，与其他深厚板形态类似，孤板可能是控制厚板动力学的各种物理参数的最终结果：在板倾角，板屈服应力/强度，Clapeyron斜率值和压倒板块性质方面，板坯孤儿现象一直存在。孤立板尺寸和孤立周期的多样性与孤立区域空间有关，孤立空间描述了偏转和穿透深俯冲模式之间迄今尚未探索的区域。孤岛提供了众所周知的挠度和穿透力之间的简单动态联系，并为平板从直接穿透转换为挠度提供了一种可能的方式，使废弃的碎片散落在地幔中。因此，孤立平板是这两个经过广泛研究的平板形态之间的中介。孤立板尺寸和孤立周期的多样性与孤立区域空间有关，孤立空间描述了偏转和穿透深俯冲模式之间迄今尚未探索的区域。孤岛提供了众所周知的挠度和穿透力之间的简单动态联系，并为平板从直接穿透转换为挠度提供了一种可能的方式，使废弃的碎片散落在地幔中。因此，孤立平板是这两个经过广泛研究的平板形态之间的中介。孤立板尺寸和孤立周期的多样性与孤立区域空间有关，孤立空间描述了偏转和穿透深俯冲模式之间迄今尚未探索的区域。孤岛提供了众所周知的挠度和穿透力之间的简单动态联系，并为平板从直接穿透转换为挠度提供了一种可能的方式，使废弃的碎片散落在地幔中。因此，孤立平板是这两个经过广泛研究的平板形态之间的中介。用废弃的碎片乱抛垃圾。因此，孤立平板是这两个经过广泛研究的平板形态之间的中介。用废弃的碎片乱抛垃圾。因此，孤立平板是这两个经过广泛研究的平板形态之间的中介。