There is no specific test for diagnosing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), a disabling autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. Instead, diagnosis relies on ruling out other related disorders with overlapping clinical symptoms. An urgency for NMOSD biomarker discovery is underscored by adverse responses to treatment following misdiagnosis and poor prognosis following the delayed onset of treatment. Pathogenic autoantibiotics that target the water channel aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) contribute to NMOSD pathology. The importance of early diagnosis between AQP4-Ab⁺ NMOSD, MOG-Ab⁺ NMOSD, AQP4-Ab⁻ MOG-Ab⁻ NMOSD, and related disorders cannot be overemphasized. Here, we provide a comprehensive data collection and analysis of the currently known metabolomic perturbations and related proteomic outcomes of NMOSD. We highlight short chain fatty acids, lipoproteins, amino acids, and lactate as candidate diagnostic biomarkers. Although the application of metabolomic profiling to individual NMOSD patient care shows promise, more research is needed.

中文翻译：

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视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍生物标志物发现中的代谢组学分析。

没有用于诊断视神经脊髓炎谱系障碍 (NMOSD) 的特定测试，NMOSD 是一种中枢神经系统致残的自身免疫性疾病。相反，诊断依赖于排除具有重叠临床症状的其他相关疾病。误诊后对治疗的不良反应和延迟治疗后的不良预后强调了发现 NMOSD 生物标志物的紧迫性。靶向水通道水通道蛋白 4 (AQP4) 和髓鞘少突胶质细胞糖蛋白 (MOG) 的致病性自身抗生素有助于 NMOSD 病理学。AQP4-Ab ⁺ NMOSD、MOG-Ab ⁺ NMOSD、AQP4-Ab ⁻ MOG-Ab ⁻之间早期诊断的重要性NMOSD 和相关疾病怎么强调都不为过。在这里，我们提供了目前已知的 NMOSD 代谢组学扰动和相关蛋白质组学结果的全面数据收集和分析。我们强调短链脂肪酸、脂蛋白、氨基酸和乳酸作为候选诊断生物标志物。尽管代谢组学分析在个体 NMOSD 患者护理中的应用显示出前景，但还需要更多的研究。