Abstract

Current research needs to be more focused on agronomical plants to effectively utilize the knowledge obtained from model plant species. Efforts to improve legumes have long employed common breeding tools. Recently, biotechnological approaches facilitated the development of improved legumes with new traits, allowing them to withstand climatic changes and biotic stress. Owing to its multiple uses and profits, alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) has become a prominent forage crop worldwide. This review provides a comprehensive research summary of tissue culture-based genetic transformation methods, which could be exploited for the development of transgenic alfalfa with agronomically desirable traits. Moreover, advanced bio-imaging approaches, including cutting-edge microscopy and phenotyping, are outlined here. Finally, characterization and the employment of beneficial microbes should help to produce biotechnologically improved and sustainable alfalfa cultivars.

摘要

当前的研究需要更加集中在农艺植物上，以有效利用从模型植物物种中获得的知识。改良豆科植物的努力长期以来一直使用普通的育种工具。最近，生物技术方法促进了具有新特性的改良豆科植物的开发，使它们能够抵御气候变化和生物胁迫。由于苜蓿具有多种用途和收益，因此苜蓿（Medicago sativaL.）已成为全球重要的牧草作物。这篇综述提供了基于组织培养的遗传转化方法的全面研究总结，可用于开发具有农艺学性状的转基因苜蓿。此外，这里概述了先进的生物成像方法，包括尖端的显微镜检查和表型分析。最后，表征和有益微生物的使用应有助于生产生物技术改良且可持续的苜蓿品种。