Population genetic structure and dispersal patterns of grey wolfs (Canis lupus) and golden jackals (Canis aureus) in Georgia, the Caucasus,Journal of Zoology

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Population genetic structure and dispersal patterns of grey wolfs (Canis lupus) and golden jackals (Canis aureus) in Georgia, the Caucasus
Journal of Zoology ( IF 1.9 ) Pub Date : 2020-09-20 , DOI: 10.1111/jzo.12831
M. Shakarashvili ₁ , N. Kopaliani ₁ , Z. Gurielidze _{1,

2} , D. Dekanoidze ₁ , L. Ninua ₁ , D. Tarkhnishvili ₁

Affiliation

Grey wolf and golden jackal are both common in Georgia, although they have different habitat preferences. The wolf is more common in mountain areas of the country, and jackals are more common in the lowland part of Georgia, with its milder and warmer climate. In recent decades, the abundance of both species increased. Simultaneously, the jackals are increasingly often sighted at higher elevations than previously recorded, and simultaneously, there are increased sightings of the wolves in lowlands of western Georgia, including the areas close to the Black Sea Coast. The analysis of partial mitochondrial DNA sequences and 20 microsatellite markers suggest substantially higher genetic diversity of wolves than the jackals in Georgia, which could be related to the late expansion of jackals into the Caucasus region (not before the Bronze Age). Clustering using a Bayesian approach based on the microsatellite markers suggests that the vast majority of both jackals and wolves sampled in western Georgia descend from recent migrants from the east of the country. The expansion of the two species may be related to the conservation efforts in the latest decades or/and climate change that explains the appearance of jackals in the mountain regions of Georgia, as well as in northern Europe.

中文翻译：

高加索地区佐治亚州的灰太狼（Canis lupus）和金狐（Canis aureus）的种群遗传结构和扩散模式

灰狼和golden狼在佐治亚州都很常见，尽管它们对生境的偏好不同。狼在该国的山区更为常见，而als狼在佐治亚州的低地地区较为常见，气候温和温暖。近几十年来，这两种物种的丰度都在增加。同时，the狼在比以前记录的更高的海拔高度上经常被看到，同时，在佐治亚州西部低地，包括黑海海岸附近的地区，对狼的发现也增加了。线粒体部分DNA序列和20种微卫星标记的分析表明，狼的遗传多样性比佐治亚州的als狼高得多，这可能与als狼晚期向高加索地区的扩张有关（不在青铜时代之前）。使用基于微卫星标记的贝叶斯方法进行聚类表明，在佐治亚州西部采样的jack狼和狼的绝大部分来自该国东部最近的移民。这两个物种的扩张可能与最近几十年的保护工作或气候变化有关，这解释了of狼在乔治亚州山区和北欧的出现。

更新日期：2020-09-20

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