We investigated maternal effect on nine body measurement traits (body height, body length, front width (FW), chest width (CW), hind width (HW), chest depth, chest girth (CHG), front cannon circumference (FCC) and rear cannon circumference (RCC)) measured at the end of performance testing and five meat production traits (ages at the start and end of performance testing (D30 and D105), average daily gain (ADG), backfat thickness and loin muscle area) in purebred Duroc pigs. Genetic parameters for each trait were estimated by using six single-trait models with and without common litter environmental effect, maternal genetic effect and direct-maternal genetic correlation. The value of Akaike's information criterion was lowest with the model including direct additive genetic and common litter environmental effects for 10 traits. The estimated proportion of common litter environmental variance to phenotypic variance was approximately ≥0.1 for D30, D105, ADG, FW, CW, HW, CHG, FCC and RCC. Using a model without common litter environmental effect would overestimate the direct heritability of most traits. Standard errors of estimated genetic parameters tended to be larger in models including maternal genetic effect. The results indicate that a compromise could be made for accurate genetic parameter estimation for body measurement traits, as well as meat production traits, in pigs by considering common litter environmental effect.

中文翻译：

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母体对纯种杜洛克猪体格和产肉性状的影响

我们调查了母体对九个身体测量特征（体高、体长、前宽 (FW)、胸宽 (CW)、后宽 (HW)、胸深、胸围 (CHG)、前炮周长 (FCC) 和后炮周长 (RCC)) 在性能测试和五个肉类生产性状（性能测试开始和结束时的年龄（D30 和 D105）、平均日增重（ADG）、背膘厚度和腰肌面积）纯种杜洛克猪。每个性状的遗传参数是通过使用六个单性状模型估计的，这些模型有和没有共同的垫料环境效应、母体遗传效应和直接母体遗传相关性。Akaike的信息标准值最低，该模型包括10个性状的直接加性遗传和共同凋落物环境效应。对于 D30、D105、ADG、FW、CW、HW、CHG、FCC 和 RCC，普通垃圾环境方差与表型方差的估计比例约为 ≥0.1。使用没有共同垃圾环境影响的模型会高估大多数性状的直接遗传力。在包括母体遗传效应在内的模型中，估计遗传参数的标准误差往往更大。结果表明，通过考虑常见的垫料环境影响，可以对猪的身体测量性状以及肉类生产性状的准确遗传参数估计做出妥协。使用没有共同垃圾环境影响的模型会高估大多数性状的直接遗传力。在包括母体遗传效应在内的模型中，估计遗传参数的标准误差往往更大。结果表明，通过考虑常见的垫料环境影响，可以对猪的身体测量性状以及肉类生产性状的准确遗传参数估计做出妥协。使用没有共同垃圾环境影响的模型会高估大多数性状的直接遗传力。在包括母体遗传效应在内的模型中，估计遗传参数的标准误差往往更大。结果表明，通过考虑常见的垫料环境影响，可以对猪的身体测量性状以及肉类生产性状的准确遗传参数估计做出妥协。