Abstract Production of Manufactured Nanomaterials (MNMs) has increased extensively due to economic interest in the current years. However, this widespread use raises concern about their impact on human and environment. Current efforts are made, both at national and international levels to help developing safer MNMs in the market. In order to assess hazards of MNMs, it is important to take into account exposome parameters in order to link fate and behavior of MNMs to their potential toxicity. In that context, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of TiO2 MNMs-based cement at different levels of its life cycle (TiO2MNMs, cement containing TiO2 MNMs) on two exposure mesocosm scenarios mimicking: marine conditions using the bivalve Scrobicularia plana and freshwater conditions using the gastropod Planorbarius corneus for 28 days, allowing measurements of physical-chemical parameters throughout the duration of the exposure. Similar results were observed in both exposure conditions since in the two scenarios Ti was removed from the water column and accumulated in surficial sediments. While in P. corneus, statistically different concentrations of Ti were measured in the digestive glands compared to controls following exposure to TiO2 MNMs, elevated background of Ti concentrations were measured in the controls of S. plana that did not allow to discriminating any bioaccumulation process. In addition, both TiO2 MNMs and TiO2MNM-based cement exposed S. plana did not present any activation of the p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPKs). This study demonstrates the robustness of using both freshwater and marine mesocosms for evaluation of risk associated with nanomaterial.

中文翻译：

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在纳米安全中使用中观方法研究淡水-海洋连续体的必要性：基于 TiO2 MNM 的光催化水泥的案例研究

摘要 由于近年来的经济利益，人造纳米材料 (MNM) 的生产已广泛增加。然而，这种广泛使用引起了人们对其对人类和环境影响的担忧。目前在国家和国际层面都在努力帮助在市场上开发更安全的 MNM。为了评估 MNM 的危害，重要的是要考虑暴露组参数，以便将 MNM 的命运和行为与其潜在毒性联系起来。在这种情况下，本研究的目的是研究基于 TiO2 MNMs 的水泥在其生命周期的不同水平（TiO2MNMs，含有 TiO2 MNMs 的水泥）对两种暴露中观情景模拟的影响：使用双壳类浮萍和使用腹足动物 Planorbariuscorneus 的淡水条件 28 天，允许在整个暴露期间测量物理化学参数。在两种暴露条件下都观察到类似的结果，因为在两种情况下，Ti 从水体中去除并积累在表层沉积物中。虽然在 P.corneus 中，与暴露于 TiO2 MNM 后的对照相比，在消化腺中测量到的 Ti 浓度具有统计学差异，但在 S. plana 的对照中测量到的 Ti 浓度背景升高，这不允许区分任何生物积累过程。此外，暴露于 S. plana 的 TiO2 MNM 和基于 TiO2MNM 的水泥都没有出现任何 p38 丝裂原活化蛋白激酶 (MAPK) 的激活。这项研究证明了使用淡水和海洋中观宇宙评估与纳米材料相关的风险的稳健性。