Abstract The extracellular matrix (ECM) and its mechanical properties play an important role in regulating the cellular responses that occur during tissue regeneration, wound healing, and disease progression. A growing body of research, especially in the fields of mechanobiology and matrix biology, has been devoted to elucidating how the ECM mechanical environment, both in vitro and in vivo, influences cell fate and function. Synthetic materials that faithfully recapitulate key mechanical properties of native tissues provide an important means to understand the mechanisms by which cells sense and remodel their surrounding mechanical environments. However, tissue mechanics is inherently complex, exhibiting dependencies on many timescales. This review highlights recent progress in synthetic biomaterials, particularly polymer networks that capture critical aspects of the dynamic mechanical properties of soft tissues by exploiting dynamic covalent chemistries. Finally, future directions and opportunities in the development and application of viscoelastic biomaterials are discussed.

中文翻译：

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动态共价水凝胶作为模拟软组织粘弹性的生物材料

摘要 细胞外基质 (ECM) 及其机械特性在调节组织再生、伤口愈合和疾病进展过程中发生的细胞反应中起着重要作用。越来越多的研究，特别是在机械生物学和基质生物学领域，一直致力于阐明体外和体内 ECM 机械环境如何影响细胞命运和功能。合成材料忠实地概括了天然组织的关键机械特性，为了解细胞感知和重塑周围机械环境的机制提供了重要手段。然而，组织力学本质上是复杂的，表现出对许多时间尺度的依赖性。这篇综述强调了合成生物材料的最新进展，特别是聚合物网络，它通过利用动态共价化学来捕获软组织动态机械性能的关键方面。最后，讨论了粘弹性生物材料的开发和应用的未来方向和机会。