Since the first descriptions of hepatocyte-released exosome-like vesicles in 2008, the number of publications describing Extracellular Vesicles (EVs) released by liver cells in the context of hepatic physiology and pathology has grown exponentially. This growing interest highlights both the importance that cell-to-cell communication has in the organization of multicellular organisms from a physiological point of view, as well as the opportunity that these circulating organelles offer in diagnostics and therapeutics. In the present review, we summarize systematically and comprehensively the myriad of works that appeared in the last decade and lighted the discussion about the best opportunities for using EVs in liver disease therapeutics.

自 2008 年首次描述肝细胞释放的外泌体样囊泡以来，描述肝细胞在肝脏生理学和病理学背景下释放的细胞外囊泡 (EV) 的出版物数量呈指数增长。从生理学的角度来看，这种日益增长的兴趣突出了细胞间通讯在多细胞生物组织中的重要性，以及这些循环细胞器在诊断和治疗中提供的机会。在本综述中，我们系统而全面地总结了过去十年中出现的无数工作，并引发了关于在肝病治疗中使用 EV 的最佳机会的讨论。