Perovskite solar cell had the advantages of low cost, high efficiency and flexibility, which had significant development potential. Reducing the thickness of the perovskite absorber layer was a practicable method to reduce the content of toxic lead elements, however, an insufficient light absorption and low photocurrent were usually observed due to the shorten optical path length. In this study, SiO₂ nanophotonic structure was introduced and designed by electromagnetic theory to allow the perovskite absorber layer to become thinner, while did not decrease its light absorption and photocurrent. The geometrical parameters of SiO₂ nanophotonic structure was optimized by finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) method combined with particle swarm optimization algorithm to obtain the largest light absorption enhancement. When SiO₂ nanophotonic structure was used, the perovskite solar cell with a 200 nm thickness perovskite absorber layer can generate the same photocurrent as the planar perovskite solar cell with a 300 nm thickness perovskite absorber layer, which can reduce toxic lead elements of perovskite material as high as 33%. The feasibility of applying SiO₂ nanophotonic structure to different perovskite solar cells was further investigated.

钙钛矿太阳能电池具有成本低，效率高和柔性大的优点，具有很大的发展潜力。减小钙钛矿吸收体层的厚度是减少有毒铅元素含量的可行方法，但是，由于光路长度缩短，通常观察到吸光度不足和光电流低。在这项研究中，通过电磁学原理引入并设计了SiO ₂纳米光子结构，以使钙钛矿吸收层变薄，而又不降低其光吸收和光电流。SiO ₂的几何参数通过时域有限差分法（FDTD）结合粒子群算法对纳米光子结构进行了优化，获得了最大的光吸收增强。当使用SiO ₂纳米光子结构时，具有200 nm厚度钙钛矿吸收层的钙钛矿太阳能电池可以产生与具有300 nm厚度钙钛矿吸收层的平面钙钛矿太阳能电池相同的光电流，从而可以减少钙钛矿材料的有毒铅元素。高达33％。进一步研究了将SiO ₂纳米光子结构应用于不同钙钛矿型太阳能电池的可行性。