Abstract The present study was focused on analysis of the geometrical and topological features of the lineament network in the Gorce Mountains, Polish Outer Carpathians. The source data was a 1m high-resolution LiDAR digital elevation model (DEM). Network topology was analysed using the NetworkGT toolset for ArcGIS software. The topological analysis represented the first attempt to apply research of this type in the Polish Carpathians. Five lithostratigraphic units occurring in the research area, characteristic of the Krynica Zone of the Magura Nappe, were selected for analysis. Topology was studied for each of the units separately as well as for the whole area. It was found that the units were differentiated in terms of some topological parameters, such as 2D intensity. Moreover, latitudinal trends were observed due to the presence of wide fault zones. The geometry of the network is consistent with the general Carpathian overview. Sets of conjugate strike slip-faults with splaying ends were identified. In the southern part of the area, the strike of the oldest faults was E-W. This shows that on the scale of the observation (hundreds to thousands of metres), the network was a product of general thrusting processes rather than derivative of a local structural plan. The applicability of both topological analyses and high-resolution DEM as supplementary to classical methods in a study of the Outer Carpathians was confirmed with analysis conducted, despite the identification of some limitations, such as GIS-operator-related bias. The scale of the analyses is linked, in a multi-scale approach, to structural network analyses.

中文翻译：

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Gorce Mts 构造线的几何和拓扑结构。（外喀尔巴阡山脉）在波兰

摘要 本研究的重点是分析波兰外喀尔巴阡山脉戈尔斯山脉的线状网络的几何和拓扑特征。源数据为 1m 高分辨率 LiDAR 数字高程模型 (DEM)。使用 NetworkGT 工具集 for ArcGIS 软件分析网络拓扑。拓扑分析代表了将此类研究应用于波兰喀尔巴阡山脉的首次尝试。选择了研究区内出现的五个岩石地层单位，这些单位是 Magura Nappe 的 Krynica 带的特征，用于分析。分别为每个单元以及整个区域研究了拓扑。发现单元在一些拓扑参数方面是有区别的，例如二维强度。而且，由于存在宽断层带，观察到了纬度趋势。网络的几何形状与一般喀尔巴阡山脉的概述一致。确定了具有张开端的共轭走滑断层组。在该地区的南部，最古老的断层走向为 EW。这表明，在观测规模（数百至数千米）上，网络是一般推力过程的产物，而不是局部结构计划的衍生物。拓扑分析和高分辨率 DEM 在外喀尔巴阡山脉研究中作为对经典方法的补充的适用性得到了证实，尽管存在一些局限性，例如与 GIS 运营商相关的偏差。在多尺度方法中，分析的规模与结构网络分析相关联。