A targeted extraction technology for recycling lithium from spent lithium transition metal oxides (LTMO) type batteries is developed in this paper. The chlorinating technology with ammonium chloride as the only additive is employed and controlled to selectively extract lithium. High lithium extraction rate with a low selectivity was first obtained at non-controlled chlorinating conditions. During this process, it was found that the reducing driving force (RDF) played a vital role in metals extraction. Once RDF was controlled at a low level, lithium elements could be targetedly extracted out while other metal elements still remained in the residues. The results showed that 91.73% lithium elements were leached out with a selectivity of 90.04% at the optimal conditions. Further, the mechanism was proposed to explain the release behavior of metals from cathode materials from the perspective of extracting driving force. These principles also offer inspiration for metal selective extraction fields such as metallurgy and recovery of complex systems including multiple metals.

本文开发了一种针对性的提取技术，用于从废锂过渡金属氧化物（LTMO）型电池中回收锂。采用以氯化铵为唯一添加剂的氯化技术，并对其进行控制以选择性地提取锂。首先在不受控制的氯化条件下获得高锂提取率和低选择性。在此过程中，发现还原驱动力（RDF）在金属提取中起着至关重要的作用。一旦将RDF控制在较低水平，就可以有针对性地提取锂元素，而其他金属元素仍保留在残留物中。结果表明，在最佳条件下，锂元素的浸出率为91.73％，选择性为90.04％。进一步，提出了从驱动力的提取机理解释金属从阴极材料中释放的机理。这些原理也为金属选择性萃取领域提供了灵感，例如冶金和包括多种金属在内的复杂系统的回收。